AP Physics 1 Flashcards: Fluids And Newtons Laws

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Fluids And Newtons Laws, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Physics 1.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: What is the SI unit for pressure?

Answer: Pascal (Pa). One Pascal equals one Newton per square meter.

Flashcard 2: Identify the formula representing Hooke's Law.

Answer: $F = -kx$. Spring force proportional to displacement.

Flashcard 3: Identify the formula representing Hooke's Law.

Answer: $F = -kx$. Spring force proportional to displacement.

Flashcard 4: What property of a fluid is described by its resistance to flow?

Answer: Viscosity. Thick fluids have high viscosity.

Flashcard 5: State the formula for the acceleration of an object.

Answer: Acceleration = $\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$. Change in velocity over time.

Flashcard 6: State the formula for pressure.

Answer: Pressure = $\frac{F}{A}$. Force per unit area.

Flashcard 7: What is the formula for gravitational force?

Answer: $F = \frac{Gm_1m_2}{r^2}$. Newton's universal law of gravitation.

Flashcard 8: What is the term for the apparent loss of weight of an object immersed in a fluid?

Answer: Buoyancy. Upward force exerted by fluids on immersed objects.

Flashcard 9: What is the term for the force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact?

Answer: Friction. Contact force that resists sliding motion.

Flashcard 10: Define Pascal's Principle.

Answer: A change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid. Basis for hydraulic systems.

Flashcard 11: Determine the density of an object with mass 10 kg and volume 5 m³.

Answer: Density = 2 kg/m³. Using $\rho = \frac{m}{V}$ where $m = 10$ kg and $V = 5$ m³.

Flashcard 12: Find the net force acting on an object with mass 5 kg and acceleration 2 m/s².

Answer: Net Force = 10 N. Using $F = ma$ where $m = 5$ kg and $a = 2$ m/s².

Flashcard 13: What is the term for the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion?

Answer: Inertia. Described by Newton's First Law.

Flashcard 14: What is the effect of increasing fluid velocity on pressure according to Bernoulli's Principle?

Answer: Pressure decreases. Inverse relationship between speed and pressure.

Flashcard 15: What is the formula for density?

Answer: Density = $\frac{m}{V}$. Mass divided by volume gives density.

Flashcard 16: Calculate the work done by a 10 N force moving an object 5 m.

Answer: Work = 50 J. Using $W = Fd$ where $F = 10$ N and $d = 5$ m.

Flashcard 17: Identify the force that opposes the motion of objects through a fluid.

Answer: Drag force. Opposes motion through air or water.

Flashcard 18: State the formula for the acceleration of an object.

Answer: Acceleration = $\frac{\Delta v}{\Delta t}$. Change in velocity over time.

Flashcard 19: What is the acceleration of a 10 kg object under a 20 N net force?

Answer: Acceleration = 2 m/s². Using $a = \frac{F}{m}$ where $F = 20$ N and $m = 10$ kg.

Flashcard 20: What is the formula for calculating work done by a force?

Answer: Work = $F \cdot d \cdot \cos(\theta)$. Where $\theta$ is angle between force and displacement.

Flashcard 21: Identify the type of fluid flow characterized by smooth, constant motion.

Answer: Laminar flow. Opposite of turbulent flow.

Flashcard 22: Calculate the kinetic energy of a 2 kg object moving at 3 m/s.

Answer: Kinetic Energy = 9 J. Using $KE = \frac{1}{2}mv^2$ with $m = 2$ kg and $v = 3$ m/s.

Flashcard 23: What is the continuity equation for fluid flow?

Answer: $A_1v_1 = A_2v_2$. Conservation of mass in fluid flow.

Flashcard 24: State Newton's Second Law of Motion.

Answer: $F = ma$. Force equals mass times acceleration.

Flashcard 25: What does Newton's Third Law of Motion state?

Answer: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Forces always occur in pairs.

Flashcard 26: Identify the relationship described by Bernoulli's Principle.

Answer: As the speed of a fluid increases, its pressure decreases. Higher velocity means lower pressure in flowing fluids.

Flashcard 27: Identify the principle that explains why ships float.

Answer: Archimedes' Principle. States that buoyant force equals weight of displaced fluid.

Flashcard 28: What is the equation for hydrostatic pressure?

Answer: Hydrostatic Pressure = $\rho gh$. Pressure increases with depth in a fluid.

Flashcard 29: State Newton's First Law of Motion.

Answer: An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless acted upon by a net force. Known as the law of inertia.

Flashcard 30: Determine the pressure at a depth of 10 m in water ($\rho = 1000 \text{ kg/m}^3$, $g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2$).

Answer: Pressure = 98000 Pa. Using $P = \rho gh$ with given depth and constants.