Practice Test 5

A transportation planning article describes sustainable transportation as shifting trips from private automobiles to lower-emission modes through protected bike lanes, bus rapid transit (BRT), rail, and improved pedestrian networks. The article notes that equitable access requires affordable fares and service coverage to job centers, not just downtown corridors. Which proposal best fits the article’s definition and equity emphasis?

Secondary source excerpt (about 115 words): The DTM’s stages are defined by birth and death rates, not by a single economic indicator. Stage 3 is characterized by declining birth rates and already-low death rates, often as urban living increases, education expands, and contraception becomes more available. Stage 2 is earlier: death rates fall, but birth rates remain high. Analysts sometimes misclassify countries by assuming that “developing” automatically means Stage 2, even when fertility has begun to decline. The DTM is a simplification and should be applied cautiously.

Which set of vital-rate trends best indicates Stage 3 rather than Stage 2?