Darwinism, Social Darwinism Practice Test

A historian summarizes Darwin’s theory and its later social uses: In the 1860s, some European readers interpreted Darwin’s natural selection (a mechanism explaining how heritable variations can become more common in populations over time) as evidence that competition inevitably produces “progress.” By the 1880s–1900s, Social Darwinists extended these claims to human societies, arguing that aiding the poor or regulating business interfered with “nature’s” outcome. Which statement best distinguishes Darwinism from Social Darwinism in this account?

A historian summarizes Darwin’s argument as: “Differential survival and reproduction make certain heritable traits more common over generations.” A politician then claims: “Therefore, the wealthy are biologically superior and deserve their position.” Which critique best addresses the politician’s reasoning using the distinction between Darwinism and Social Darwinism?