All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which method is most efficient in arid regions?
Answer: Drip irrigation. Conserves water in regions with limited rainfall and high evaporation.
Flashcard 2: What is surge irrigation?
Answer: A method using intermittent water applications. Pulses water to improve infiltration and reduce runoff.
Flashcard 3: Identify a drawback of center pivot irrigation.
Answer: High initial costs and energy use. Requires significant investment and electricity to operate.
Flashcard 4: Which method is often used for rice paddies?
Answer: Flood irrigation. Creates standing water conditions ideal for rice growth.
Flashcard 5: What is one risk of over-irrigation?
Answer: Causes nutrient leaching and water waste. Excess water carries nutrients beyond root zones into groundwater.
Flashcard 6: What is subsurface irrigation?
Answer: Water is applied below the soil surface. Hidden pipes reduce evaporation and surface runoff losses.
Flashcard 7: What is localized irrigation?
Answer: Water is applied directly to the plant base. Targets specific plant zones rather than entire field areas.
Flashcard 8: What is center pivot irrigation?
Answer: A sprinkler system that rotates around a central pivot. Automated system that covers circular areas efficiently.
Flashcard 9: Which method uses channels between crop rows?
Answer: Furrow irrigation. Water flows in parallel grooves carved between planted rows.
Flashcard 10: What is flood irrigation?
Answer: A method that involves flooding fields with water. Simple but inefficient method, often used for rice cultivation.
Flashcard 11: Which method is best for sandy soils?
Answer: Drip irrigation. Sandy soils drain quickly, so precise application prevents waste.
Flashcard 12: Identify a drawback of center pivot irrigation.
Answer: High initial costs and energy use. Requires significant investment and electricity to operate.
Flashcard 13: What is the role of an irrigation controller?
Answer: Automates the timing and duration of watering. Electronic device that schedules irrigation based on programmed settings.
Flashcard 14: Identify a limitation of drip irrigation.
Answer: Can clog and requires maintenance. Small particles block emitters, disrupting water flow patterns.
Flashcard 15: What is drip irrigation?
Answer: A method where water drips slowly to plant roots. Delivers precise amounts directly to roots, minimizing waste.
Flashcard 16: Identify one disadvantage of flood irrigation.
Answer: Can lead to waterlogging and soil erosion. Excess water saturates soil and washes away topsoil.
Flashcard 17: What is subsurface irrigation?
Answer: Water is applied below the soil surface. Hidden pipes reduce evaporation and surface runoff losses.
Flashcard 18: What is the primary use of furrow irrigation?
Answer: To channel water through small, parallel channels. Water flows in grooves between crop rows for targeted application.
Flashcard 19: What is sprinkler irrigation?
Answer: A method where water is sprayed over plants like rain. Covers large areas uniformly but uses more water than drip systems.
Flashcard 20: What is one advantage of subsurface irrigation?
Answer: Reduces evaporation and surface runoff. Underground application minimizes water loss to atmosphere.
Flashcard 21: Which method is often used for rice paddies?
Answer: Flood irrigation. Creates standing water conditions ideal for rice growth.
Flashcard 22: Which method is most suitable for orchards?
Answer: Drip irrigation. Precise water delivery suits tree spacing and root zones.
Flashcard 23: Which irrigation method uses rotating sprinklers?
Answer: Center pivot irrigation. Automated rotating system that moves in circles around a central point.
Flashcard 24: Identify one environmental impact of irrigation.
Answer: Can lead to habitat disruption. Water diversions can alter natural ecosystems and wildlife.
Flashcard 25: What is the primary goal of irrigation scheduling?
Answer: Optimize water use based on crop demand. Timing applications to match plant growth stages and weather.
Flashcard 26: What is surge irrigation?
Answer: A method using intermittent water applications. Pulses water to improve infiltration and reduce runoff.
Flashcard 27: Identify one cause of irrigation inefficiency.
Answer: Leakage in pipes or fittings. Lost water reduces system efficiency and increases operating costs.
Flashcard 28: Identify one advantage of drip irrigation.
Answer: Reduces water waste and evaporation. Delivers water precisely where needed, preventing losses.
Flashcard 29: What is one benefit of sprinkler irrigation?
Answer: Even water distribution. Covers large areas uniformly, unlike localized methods.
Flashcard 30: Which method can cause soil salinization if mismanaged?
Answer: Flood irrigation. Excessive water application can concentrate salts in soil.