All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Name a policy measure to protect wetlands.
Answer: Establishment of protected areas. Legal designation prevents development and destruction.
Flashcard 2: Which greenhouse gas is sequestered by wetlands?
Answer: Carbon dioxide. Stored in wetland soils and plant biomass.
Flashcard 3: What is the effect of rising sea levels on mangroves?
Answer: Increased inundation. Higher water levels can drown mangrove roots.
Flashcard 4: Identify a benefit of wetland restoration.
Answer: Improved water quality. Restored wetlands filter pollutants from water.
Flashcard 5: What is a direct effect of oil spills on mangroves?
Answer: Root suffocation. Oil coats roots, preventing oxygen exchange.
Flashcard 6: Name an adaptive measure for protecting wetlands from sea-level rise.
Answer: Building levees. Artificial barriers protect against flooding.
Flashcard 7: Name one invasive species threatening wetlands.
Answer: Purple loosestrife. Non-native species that outcompetes native plants.
Flashcard 8: Which human action can lead to wetland acidification?
Answer: Acid rain deposition. Sulfur compounds lower pH of wetland water.
Flashcard 9: Identify an ecosystem service provided by intact mangroves.
Answer: Storm surge protection. Acts as natural barrier against hurricane damage.
Flashcard 10: Identify a reason for the conversion of wetlands to agriculture.
Answer: Increased food production. Agriculture provides economic incentive for conversion.
Flashcard 11: Identify an effect of climate change on mangroves.
Answer: Sea level rise. Higher water levels threaten mangrove survival.
Flashcard 12: Which human-induced factor reduces dissolved oxygen in wetlands?
Answer: Nutrient pollution. Excess nutrients cause algal blooms that consume oxygen.
Flashcard 13: Which human-induced factor reduces dissolved oxygen in wetlands?
Answer: Nutrient pollution. Excess nutrients cause algal blooms that consume oxygen.
Flashcard 14: Identify a reason for the conversion of wetlands to agriculture.
Answer: Increased food production. Agriculture provides economic incentive for conversion.
Flashcard 15: What is a consequence of mangrove removal on coastal erosion?
Answer: Increased erosion rates. Loss of natural barriers accelerates shore erosion.
Flashcard 16: What is an indirect consequence of overfishing near mangroves?
Answer: Loss of biodiversity. Disrupts food webs by removing key species.
Flashcard 17: What is a direct impact of freshwater diversion on wetlands?
Answer: Altered water balance. Reduces water availability for wetland ecosystems.
Flashcard 18: What is a primary human activity threatening wetlands?
Answer: Urban development. Converts natural habitats to housing and commercial areas.
Flashcard 19: Identify one consequence of wetland drainage.
Answer: Loss of biodiversity. Eliminates critical habitat for numerous species.
Flashcard 20: What is the effect of increased carbon emissions on wetlands?
Answer: Enhanced greenhouse effect. Climate change affects wetland water levels.
Flashcard 21: What is a natural service provided by wetlands?
Answer: Water filtration. Plants and sediments trap pollutants and purify water.
Flashcard 22: Which human action can lead to wetland acidification?
Answer: Acid rain deposition. Sulfur compounds lower pH of wetland water.
Flashcard 23: Identify a benefit of wetland restoration.
Answer: Improved water quality. Restored wetlands filter pollutants from water.
Flashcard 24: Identify an effect of climate change on mangroves.
Answer: Sea level rise. Higher water levels threaten mangrove survival.
Flashcard 25: Name one invasive species threatening wetlands.
Answer: Purple loosestrife. Non-native species that outcompetes native plants.
Flashcard 26: What is one effect of pesticides on wetland ecosystems?
Answer: Toxicity to aquatic life. Chemicals harm fish, amphibians, and other organisms.
Flashcard 27: Identify the consequence of industrial waste discharge into wetlands.
Answer: Chemical contamination. Toxic substances poison plants and animals.
Flashcard 28: State an effect of increased salinity in wetlands.
Answer: Decreased plant diversity. Salt stress kills plants not adapted to saline conditions.
Flashcard 29: Name a policy measure to protect wetlands.
Answer: Establishment of protected areas. Legal designation prevents development and destruction.
Flashcard 30: What is a common pollutant found in wetlands?
Answer: Heavy metals. Toxic metals from industry accumulate in sediments.