AP Computer Science Principles Flashcards: Boolean Expressions

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Boolean Expressions, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Computer Science Principles.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: What does the Boolean expression $x \text{ OR } y$ evaluate if $x = true$?

Answer: true. OR returns true when either operand is true.

Flashcard 2: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } true) \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } true) = false$, then $false \text{ OR } false = false$.

Flashcard 3: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ OR } false)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ OR } false) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 4: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } true$?

Answer: false. NOT reverses the Boolean value.

Flashcard 5: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ AND } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 6: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ OR } false)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses force OR first, then NOT: $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 7: What does the expression $x \text{ AND } x$ simplify to?

Answer: x. Idempotent law: a variable AND with itself equals itself.

Flashcard 8: Identify the result: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ AND } true)$

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ AND } true) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 9: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ OR } false)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses force OR first, then NOT: $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 10: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 11: Identify the result: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ AND } true)$

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ AND } true) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 12: What does the Boolean expression $x \text{ AND } y$ evaluate if $x = false$?

Answer: false. AND returns false when either operand is false.

Flashcard 13: What does the expression $x \text{ OR } \text{NOT } x$ simplify to?

Answer: true. Complement law: a variable OR its negation always equals true.

Flashcard 14: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ OR } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ OR } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 15: State De Morgan's Law for NOT (A AND B).

Answer: NOT A OR NOT B. De Morgan's Law distributes NOT over AND.

Flashcard 16: Identify the result: $false \text{ AND } (true \text{ OR } false)$

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ OR } false) = true$, then $false \text{ AND } true = false$.

Flashcard 17: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } false$?

Answer: false. AND requires both operands to be true.

Flashcard 18: State De Morgan's Law for NOT (A OR B).

Answer: NOT A AND NOT B. De Morgan's Law distributes NOT over OR.

Flashcard 19: Identify the result: $false \text{ AND } (true \text{ OR } false)$

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ OR } false) = true$, then $false \text{ AND } true = false$.

Flashcard 20: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ OR } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ OR } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 21: What is the result of the expression: $(true \text{ AND } false) \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } false) = false$, then $false \text{ OR } false = false$.

Flashcard 22: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ OR } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ OR } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 23: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ AND } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 24: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $false \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. OR returns false only when both operands are false.

Flashcard 25: Which Boolean operation is performed first: AND or OR?

Answer: AND. AND has higher precedence than OR in Boolean operations.

Flashcard 26: What is the result of $true \text{ OR } (\text{NOT } true)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } true = false$, then $true \text{ OR } false = true$.

Flashcard 27: Which Boolean operator is associative: AND, OR, NOT?

Answer: AND, OR. Both AND and OR can group operands differently without changing result.

Flashcard 28: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ AND } false)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } false) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 29: What is the precedence order of Boolean operators NOT, AND, OR?

Answer: NOT, AND, OR. NOT has highest precedence, then AND, then OR.

Flashcard 30: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ OR } (false \text{ AND } true)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ AND } true) = false$, then $true \text{ OR } false = true$.

Flashcard 31: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ OR } false)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ OR } false) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 32: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: true. OR returns true if at least one operand is true.

Flashcard 33: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (false \text{ OR } true)$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ OR } true) = true$, then $\text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 34: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 35: What is the result of $false \text{ OR } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $false \text{ OR } true = true$.

Flashcard 36: What is the identity element for the AND operation?

Answer: true. AND with true leaves the other operand unchanged.

Flashcard 37: State De Morgan's Law for NOT (A OR B).

Answer: NOT A AND NOT B. De Morgan's Law distributes NOT over OR.

Flashcard 38: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } true) \text{ AND } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } true) = false$, then $false \text{ AND } false = false$.

Flashcard 39: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } false$?

Answer: true. NOT reverses the Boolean value.

Flashcard 40: What does the expression $x \text{ AND } x$ simplify to?

Answer: x. Idempotent law: a variable AND with itself equals itself.

Flashcard 41: What is the result of $false \text{ OR } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $false \text{ OR } true = true$.

Flashcard 42: Which Boolean operator is commutative: AND, OR, NOT?

Answer: AND, OR. Both AND and OR can switch operand order without changing result.

Flashcard 43: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ OR } (false \text{ AND } true)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(false \text{ AND } true) = false$, then $true \text{ OR } false = true$.

Flashcard 44: What is the identity element for the AND operation?

Answer: true. AND with true leaves the other operand unchanged.

Flashcard 45: What is the result of the expression: $\text{NOT } (true \text{ AND } false)$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } false) = false$, then $\text{NOT } false = true$.

Flashcard 46: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } false$?

Answer: true. NOT reverses the Boolean value.

Flashcard 47: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } true$?

Answer: false. NOT reverses the Boolean value.

Flashcard 48: Which Boolean operation is performed first: AND or OR?

Answer: AND. AND has higher precedence than OR in Boolean operations.

Flashcard 49: What does the expression $x \text{ OR } \text{NOT } x$ simplify to?

Answer: true. Complement law: a variable OR its negation always equals true.

Flashcard 50: Which Boolean operator is commutative: AND, OR, NOT?

Answer: AND, OR. Both AND and OR can switch operand order without changing result.

Flashcard 51: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } true$?

Answer: true. AND returns true only when both operands are true.

Flashcard 52: Which Boolean operator is associative: AND, OR, NOT?

Answer: AND, OR. Both AND and OR can group operands differently without changing result.

Flashcard 53: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } true$?

Answer: true. AND returns true only when both operands are true.

Flashcard 54: What is the result of the expression: $(true \text{ AND } false) \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(true \text{ AND } false) = false$, then $false \text{ OR } false = false$.

Flashcard 55: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } false) \text{ AND } true$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } false) = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 56: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ AND } false \text{ OR } true$?

Answer: true. AND evaluates first: $(true \text{ AND } false) \text{ OR } true = false \text{ OR } true = true$.

Flashcard 57: What is the result of the expression: $true \text{ AND } false \text{ OR } true$?

Answer: true. AND evaluates first: $(true \text{ AND } false) \text{ OR } true = false \text{ OR } true = true$.

Flashcard 58: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } true) \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } true) = false$, then $false \text{ OR } false = false$.

Flashcard 59: What does the Boolean expression $x \text{ AND } y$ evaluate if $x = false$?

Answer: false. AND returns false when either operand is false.

Flashcard 60: What is the result of $false \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } true)$?

Answer: false. $\text{NOT } true = false$, then $false \text{ AND } false = false$.

Flashcard 61: What is the result of $true \text{ OR } (\text{NOT } true)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } true = false$, then $true \text{ OR } false = true$.

Flashcard 62: What does the expression $x \text{ AND } \text{NOT } x$ simplify to?

Answer: false. Complement law: a variable AND its negation always equals false.

Flashcard 63: What is the identity element for the OR operation?

Answer: false. OR with false leaves the other operand unchanged.

Flashcard 64: What does the Boolean expression $x \text{ OR } y$ evaluate if $x = true$?

Answer: true. OR returns true when either operand is true.

Flashcard 65: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: false. Double negation: $\text{NOT } (\text{NOT } false) = \text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 66: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: true. OR returns true if at least one operand is true.

Flashcard 67: What is the result of $false \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } true)$?

Answer: false. $\text{NOT } true = false$, then $false \text{ AND } false = false$.

Flashcard 68: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 69: State De Morgan's Law for NOT (A AND B).

Answer: NOT A OR NOT B. De Morgan's Law distributes NOT over AND.

Flashcard 70: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: true. $\text{NOT } false = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 71: What is the identity element for the OR operation?

Answer: false. OR with false leaves the other operand unchanged.

Flashcard 72: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } true) \text{ AND } false$?

Answer: false. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } true) = false$, then $false \text{ AND } false = false$.

Flashcard 73: What does the expression $x \text{ AND } \text{NOT } x$ simplify to?

Answer: false. Complement law: a variable AND its negation always equals false.

Flashcard 74: What does the expression $x \text{ OR } x$ simplify to?

Answer: x. Idempotent law: a variable OR with itself equals itself.

Flashcard 75: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $false \text{ OR } false$?

Answer: false. OR returns false only when both operands are false.

Flashcard 76: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $true \text{ AND } false$?

Answer: false. AND requires both operands to be true.

Flashcard 77: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $\text{NOT } (\text{NOT } false)$?

Answer: false. Double negation: $\text{NOT } (\text{NOT } false) = \text{NOT } true = false$.

Flashcard 78: What does the expression $x \text{ OR } x$ simplify to?

Answer: x. Idempotent law: a variable OR with itself equals itself.

Flashcard 79: What is the result of the Boolean expression: $(\text{NOT } false) \text{ AND } true$?

Answer: true. Parentheses evaluate first: $(\text{NOT } false) = true$, then $true \text{ AND } true = true$.

Flashcard 80: What is the precedence order of Boolean operators NOT, AND, OR?

Answer: NOT, AND, OR. NOT has highest precedence, then AND, then OR.