Properties of Solids - AP Chemistry
Card 1 of 30
Identify the structure that graphite is an example of.
Identify the structure that graphite is an example of.
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Covalent network solid. Layered structure with delocalized electrons between carbon sheets.
Covalent network solid. Layered structure with delocalized electrons between carbon sheets.
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Which type of solid can be reshaped by applying force?
Which type of solid can be reshaped by applying force?
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Metallic solids. Delocalized electrons allow layers to slide past each other without breaking bonds.
Metallic solids. Delocalized electrons allow layers to slide past each other without breaking bonds.
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Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
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High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
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What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
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Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
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What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
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Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
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What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
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Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
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Identify the crystal system where all edges are equal and angles are 90°.
Identify the crystal system where all edges are equal and angles are 90°.
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Cubic system. Three equal axes at right angles define this symmetric crystal system.
Cubic system. Three equal axes at right angles define this symmetric crystal system.
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State the unit cell type for a hexagonal close-packed structure.
State the unit cell type for a hexagonal close-packed structure.
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Hexagonal. Six-fold symmetry with layers stacked in ABAB pattern.
Hexagonal. Six-fold symmetry with layers stacked in ABAB pattern.
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What is the distinguishing feature of amorphous solids regarding melting?
What is the distinguishing feature of amorphous solids regarding melting?
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No sharp melting point. Random structure softens gradually over a temperature range.
No sharp melting point. Random structure softens gradually over a temperature range.
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What is the feature that distinguishes a crystalline solid at the atomic level?
What is the feature that distinguishes a crystalline solid at the atomic level?
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Ordered atomic arrangement. Repeating three-dimensional pattern defines crystal structure.
Ordered atomic arrangement. Repeating three-dimensional pattern defines crystal structure.
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State the type of bonding present in covalent network solids.
State the type of bonding present in covalent network solids.
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Covalent bonding throughout the structure. Extended network of covalent bonds creates very strong structures.
Covalent bonding throughout the structure. Extended network of covalent bonds creates very strong structures.
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Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
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High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
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What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
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Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
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State the type of bonding present in covalent network solids.
State the type of bonding present in covalent network solids.
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Covalent bonding throughout the structure. Extended network of covalent bonds creates very strong structures.
Covalent bonding throughout the structure. Extended network of covalent bonds creates very strong structures.
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Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
Identify the characteristic property of ionic solids.
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High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
High melting points and electrical conductivity in molten state. Strong ionic bonds require high energy to break and ions become mobile when melted.
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What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
What type of solid is common table salt an example of?
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Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
Ionic solid. Sodium and chloride ions held together by strong electrostatic forces.
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What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
What is a distinguishing feature of metallic solids?
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Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
Good electrical and thermal conductivity. Mobile electron sea allows efficient heat and electric current transfer.
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Identify the crystal system where all edges are equal and angles are 90°.
Identify the crystal system where all edges are equal and angles are 90°.
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Cubic system. Three equal axes at right angles define this symmetric crystal system.
Cubic system. Three equal axes at right angles define this symmetric crystal system.
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State the unit cell type for a hexagonal close-packed structure.
State the unit cell type for a hexagonal close-packed structure.
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Hexagonal. Six-fold symmetry with layers stacked in ABAB pattern.
Hexagonal. Six-fold symmetry with layers stacked in ABAB pattern.
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What is the distinguishing feature of amorphous solids regarding melting?
What is the distinguishing feature of amorphous solids regarding melting?
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No sharp melting point. Random structure softens gradually over a temperature range.
No sharp melting point. Random structure softens gradually over a temperature range.
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What is the feature that distinguishes a crystalline solid at the atomic level?
What is the feature that distinguishes a crystalline solid at the atomic level?
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Ordered atomic arrangement. Repeating three-dimensional pattern defines crystal structure.
Ordered atomic arrangement. Repeating three-dimensional pattern defines crystal structure.
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Which property is common in amorphous solids?
Which property is common in amorphous solids?
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Lack of long-range order. Random atomic arrangement distinguishes them from ordered crystalline structures.
Lack of long-range order. Random atomic arrangement distinguishes them from ordered crystalline structures.
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What is the coordination number for a face-centered cubic lattice?
What is the coordination number for a face-centered cubic lattice?
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- Each atom contacts twelve others in this close-packed structure.
- Each atom contacts twelve others in this close-packed structure.
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Which type of solid has variable hardness and melting points?
Which type of solid has variable hardness and melting points?
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Metallic solids. Properties depend on specific metal and bonding strength variations.
Metallic solids. Properties depend on specific metal and bonding strength variations.
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What type of solid is glass considered to be?
What type of solid is glass considered to be?
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Amorphous solid. Lacks ordered crystalline structure with random atomic arrangement.
Amorphous solid. Lacks ordered crystalline structure with random atomic arrangement.
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What is the primary structural feature of graphite?
What is the primary structural feature of graphite?
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Layers of carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement. Planar layers allow electrons to move freely within sheets.
Layers of carbon atoms in a hexagonal arrangement. Planar layers allow electrons to move freely within sheets.
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State the packing efficiency of a simple cubic lattice.
State the packing efficiency of a simple cubic lattice.
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52%. Inefficient packing with spheres touching only along cube edges.
52%. Inefficient packing with spheres touching only along cube edges.
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What is the coordination number in a simple cubic lattice?
What is the coordination number in a simple cubic lattice?
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- Each sphere touches six others along the cube faces and edges.
- Each sphere touches six others along the cube faces and edges.
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What is the typical electrical conductivity of ionic solids?
What is the typical electrical conductivity of ionic solids?
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Conductive when molten or dissolved. Ions become mobile charge carriers when lattice breaks down.
Conductive when molten or dissolved. Ions become mobile charge carriers when lattice breaks down.
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State the simplest repeating unit in a crystal lattice.
State the simplest repeating unit in a crystal lattice.
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Unit cell. Smallest portion that shows the complete crystal pattern when repeated.
Unit cell. Smallest portion that shows the complete crystal pattern when repeated.
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