AP Biology › Macrostructures
Which of the following is true regarding meristem tissue in plants?
All of these
It contains undifferentiated cells
It is present in areas of growth
There is a shoot and root apical meristem
Meristem tissue contains undifferentiated cells and allows for plant growth. Apical meristems are found in areas of growth, which include the shoot and roots—cells in these tissues divide rapidly.
In plants, leaves contain specialized pores used for gas exchange. Each pore is formed by a pair of cells that control its closing and opening. What are these cells called?
Guard cells
Stoma cells
Cuticle cells
Epidermal cells
For proper functioning, plants must take in carbon dioxide, expel oxygen, and limit the loss of water vapor. This gas exchange takes place via pores called stomata. These pores are formed by a pair of adjacent cells that can open and close in response to a number of factors. These cells are called guard cells.
The cuticle and epidermis are layers of leaf structure, and do not correspond to specific cell types. The stoma is the name of a single pore itself, not its surrounding cells.
Which of the following is true regarding meristem tissue in plants?
All of these
It contains undifferentiated cells
It is present in areas of growth
There is a shoot and root apical meristem
Meristem tissue contains undifferentiated cells and allows for plant growth. Apical meristems are found in areas of growth, which include the shoot and roots—cells in these tissues divide rapidly.
In plants, leaves contain specialized pores used for gas exchange. Each pore is formed by a pair of cells that control its closing and opening. What are these cells called?
Guard cells
Stoma cells
Cuticle cells
Epidermal cells
For proper functioning, plants must take in carbon dioxide, expel oxygen, and limit the loss of water vapor. This gas exchange takes place via pores called stomata. These pores are formed by a pair of adjacent cells that can open and close in response to a number of factors. These cells are called guard cells.
The cuticle and epidermis are layers of leaf structure, and do not correspond to specific cell types. The stoma is the name of a single pore itself, not its surrounding cells.
Which of the following best describes the location of the vascular cambium in plants?
Between the xylem and phloem
In the tips of leaves
In the periderm
None of these
The vascular cambium is a type of secondary meristem tissue located between the xylem and phloem of the stems and roots. Secondary meristem tissues are responsible for lateral growth; more specifically, the vascular cambium is responsible for secondary xylem and phloem development.
Which of the following best describes the location of the vascular cambium in plants?
Between the xylem and phloem
In the tips of leaves
In the periderm
None of these
The vascular cambium is a type of secondary meristem tissue located between the xylem and phloem of the stems and roots. Secondary meristem tissues are responsible for lateral growth; more specifically, the vascular cambium is responsible for secondary xylem and phloem development.
Which of the following are true regarding phloem?
I. It transports water from the roots to the leaves.
II. It transports sucrose from the leaves to the roots.
III. It is located lateral to xylem in tree stems.
II and III
I and III
I and II
I only
II only
Phloem is located in the bark of trees and transports sugars (such as sucrose) and organic compounds to the rest of the plant from the leaves. The other plant vascular tissue is xylem. Xylem is located outer wood of trees, and transports water from the roots to the leaves of trees.
Of the following answer choices, which most accurately describes the mechanism that the stems of plants use to grow toward light?
Cells on the darker side of the stem elongate more than cells on the lighter side
Photosynthetic processes dictate the growth
The growth of the stem is determined by metabolic processes, which are stimulated by light striking the stems
The plant will grow away from other plants so as to minimize competition
Contractile cells on the light side of the stems dictate the growth toward light
Plants grow so as to maximize the elongation of their stems as much as possible. Cells on the lighter side of the stem are already being provided with photosynthetic energy, while cells on the darker side are receiving less of this energy input. This causes the cells on the darker side to elongate toward the energy source. When one side of the stem is longer than the other, it causes a curve in the growth, resulting in a directionality of the growth of the stem.
Which of the following is not true regarding the cork cambium?
It is the source of secondary xylem and phloem growth
It is located in the periderm
It is a type of secondary meristem
It is the source of secondary epidermis growth
The cork cambium is a type of secondary meristem tissue found in the periderm. Cork cambium controls lateral growth; specifically, it is the source of secondary epidermis growth.
Which of the following are true regarding phloem?
I. It transports water from the roots to the leaves.
II. It transports sucrose from the leaves to the roots.
III. It is located lateral to xylem in tree stems.
II and III
I and III
I and II
I only
II only
Phloem is located in the bark of trees and transports sugars (such as sucrose) and organic compounds to the rest of the plant from the leaves. The other plant vascular tissue is xylem. Xylem is located outer wood of trees, and transports water from the roots to the leaves of trees.