Genes and Chromosomes
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AP Biology › Genes and Chromosomes
The genetic underpinnings of a disease have recently been identified. This disease has been found to result from a single point mutation in the coding sequence of a gene. The normal coding sequence of this gene is 5' - GATTACG - 3'. Which of the following could be the disease-causing form of the gene?
5' - GATCACG - 3'
5' - GATTTACG - 3'
5' - GATGATACG - 3'
5' - GCATTAG - 3'
5' - CGTAATC - 3'
Explanation
This question is essentially asking, "Which of the following is a point mutation of the original sequence?" A point mutation is a mutation in which one base pair of DNA is substituted for another. A point mutation will not change the reading frame of a DNA sequence because it does not involve adding or removing any bases. The only answer choice that is identical to the original sequence with the exception of one base pair being changed for another is 5'GATCACG3', so this is the correct answer.
The genetic underpinnings of a disease have recently been identified. This disease has been found to result from a single point mutation in the coding sequence of a gene. The normal coding sequence of this gene is 5' - GATTACG - 3'. Which of the following could be the disease-causing form of the gene?
5' - GATCACG - 3'
5' - GATTTACG - 3'
5' - GATGATACG - 3'
5' - GCATTAG - 3'
5' - CGTAATC - 3'
Explanation
This question is essentially asking, "Which of the following is a point mutation of the original sequence?" A point mutation is a mutation in which one base pair of DNA is substituted for another. A point mutation will not change the reading frame of a DNA sequence because it does not involve adding or removing any bases. The only answer choice that is identical to the original sequence with the exception of one base pair being changed for another is 5'GATCACG3', so this is the correct answer.
The genetic underpinnings of a disease have recently been identified. This disease has been found to result from a single point mutation in the coding sequence of a gene. The normal coding sequence of this gene is 5' - GATTACG - 3'. Which of the following could be the disease-causing form of the gene?
5' - GATCACG - 3'
5' - GATTTACG - 3'
5' - GATGATACG - 3'
5' - GCATTAG - 3'
5' - CGTAATC - 3'
Explanation
This question is essentially asking, "Which of the following is a point mutation of the original sequence?" A point mutation is a mutation in which one base pair of DNA is substituted for another. A point mutation will not change the reading frame of a DNA sequence because it does not involve adding or removing any bases. The only answer choice that is identical to the original sequence with the exception of one base pair being changed for another is 5'GATCACG3', so this is the correct answer.
Each person can have one of four possible blood types: A, B, AB, or O. Blood type A means that the "A" antigen is present on the red blood cell surface. Blood type B means that the "B" antigen is present on red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "AB" means that both the "A" antigen and the "B" antigen are present on the red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "O" means that no antigens are present on the red blood cells' surfaces.
Someone with genotype "A/A" or "A/O" will have type A blood. Someone with genotype "B/B" or "B/O" will have type B blood. Someone with genotype "A/B" will have AB blood, and someone with genotype "O/O" will have type O blood.
Assume that blood type is not a sex-linked trait. A mother with genotype "A/O" and a father with genotype "A/B" could NOT have a child with which blood type?
O
A
B
AB
Not enough information
Explanation
The easiest way to solve this problem is to draw a punnet square. The genotypes of the parents are "AO" and "AB". The potential genotypes of their children are "AA", "AO", "BA", and "BO". Children with genotypes "AA" and "AO" will have type A blood. Children with genotype "BO" will have type B blood. Children with genotype "BA" will have type AB blood. Genotype "O/O" is the only one that will result in type O blood. "O/O" is not a possible product of this punnet square. Both the mother and the father must have the "O" allele in order for a child to have genotype "O/O" and type O blood.
Each person can have one of four possible blood types: A, B, AB, or O. Blood type A means that the "A" antigen is present on the red blood cell surface. Blood type B means that the "B" antigen is present on red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "AB" means that both the "A" antigen and the "B" antigen are present on the red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "O" means that no antigens are present on the red blood cells' surfaces.
Someone with genotype "A/A" or "A/O" will have type A blood. Someone with genotype "B/B" or "B/O" will have type B blood. Someone with genotype "A/B" will have AB blood, and someone with genotype "O/O" will have type O blood.
Assume that blood type is not a sex-linked trait. A mother with genotype "A/O" and a father with genotype "A/B" could NOT have a child with which blood type?
O
A
B
AB
Not enough information
Explanation
The easiest way to solve this problem is to draw a punnet square. The genotypes of the parents are "AO" and "AB". The potential genotypes of their children are "AA", "AO", "BA", and "BO". Children with genotypes "AA" and "AO" will have type A blood. Children with genotype "BO" will have type B blood. Children with genotype "BA" will have type AB blood. Genotype "O/O" is the only one that will result in type O blood. "O/O" is not a possible product of this punnet square. Both the mother and the father must have the "O" allele in order for a child to have genotype "O/O" and type O blood.
Each person can have one of four possible blood types: A, B, AB, or O. Blood type A means that the "A" antigen is present on the red blood cell surface. Blood type B means that the "B" antigen is present on red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "AB" means that both the "A" antigen and the "B" antigen are present on the red blood cells' surfaces. Blood type "O" means that no antigens are present on the red blood cells' surfaces.
Someone with genotype "A/A" or "A/O" will have type A blood. Someone with genotype "B/B" or "B/O" will have type B blood. Someone with genotype "A/B" will have AB blood, and someone with genotype "O/O" will have type O blood.
Assume that blood type is not a sex-linked trait. A mother with genotype "A/O" and a father with genotype "A/B" could NOT have a child with which blood type?
O
A
B
AB
Not enough information
Explanation
The easiest way to solve this problem is to draw a punnet square. The genotypes of the parents are "AO" and "AB". The potential genotypes of their children are "AA", "AO", "BA", and "BO". Children with genotypes "AA" and "AO" will have type A blood. Children with genotype "BO" will have type B blood. Children with genotype "BA" will have type AB blood. Genotype "O/O" is the only one that will result in type O blood. "O/O" is not a possible product of this punnet square. Both the mother and the father must have the "O" allele in order for a child to have genotype "O/O" and type O blood.
If one of an organism's gametes contains 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will one of its somatic cells contain?
Explanation
Gametes are germ cells used in sexual reproduction, such as eggs or sperm. They are haploid cells with a chromosome number of 
If one of an organism's gametes contains 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will one of its somatic cells contain?
Explanation
Gametes are germ cells used in sexual reproduction, such as eggs or sperm. They are haploid cells with a chromosome number of
If one of an organism's gametes contains 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will one of its somatic cells contain?
Explanation
Gametes are germ cells used in sexual reproduction, such as eggs or sperm. They are haploid cells with a chromosome number of
In DNA molecules, Adenine pairs with which of the following nucleic acid bases?
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Uracil
Deoxyribose
Explanation
In DNA, the four nucleic acid basis are adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. RNA has uracil instead of thymine. Adenine pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA. Cytosine and Guanine pair together in both. Deoxyribose and ribose are the 5-carbon sugars in DNA and RNA nucleotides, respectively.