Cellular energetics - AP Biology

ATP consists of 3 phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and adenine.

ATP is unstable; there is close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. When hydrolyzed, delta G is <0 (exergonic). ATP is not used for long term-energy storage, as it is unstable. When hydrolyzed, a phosphoanhydride bond is broken.

When ATP is hydrolyzed and a phosphoanhydride bond is broken, ADP and a phosphate are the products. ADP then has 2 phosphate groups.

Cellular respiration is the process through which ATP is produced through the oxidation of glucose.

ATP is the primary energy currency for cells. The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Carbohydrates are broken down during glycolysis to produce ATP.

The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Additionally, entropy is increased when ATP is hydrolyzed; the second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system always increases.

ATP consists of 3 phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and adenine.

ATP is unstable; there is close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. When hydrolyzed, delta G is <0 (exergonic). ATP is not used for long term-energy storage, as it is unstable. When hydrolyzed, a phosphoanhydride bond is broken.

When ATP is hydrolyzed and a phosphoanhydride bond is broken, ADP and a phosphate are the products. ADP then has 2 phosphate groups.

Cellular respiration is the process through which ATP is produced through the oxidation of glucose.

ATP is the primary energy currency for cells. The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Carbohydrates are broken down during glycolysis to produce ATP.

The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Additionally, entropy is increased when ATP is hydrolyzed; the second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system always increases.

ATP consists of 3 phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and adenine.

ATP is unstable; there is close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. When hydrolyzed, delta G is <0 (exergonic). ATP is not used for long term-energy storage, as it is unstable. When hydrolyzed, a phosphoanhydride bond is broken.

When ATP is hydrolyzed and a phosphoanhydride bond is broken, ADP and a phosphate are the products. ADP then has 2 phosphate groups.

Cellular respiration is the process through which ATP is produced through the oxidation of glucose.

ATP is the primary energy currency for cells. The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Carbohydrates are broken down during glycolysis to produce ATP.

Given that the hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP has delta G of , if 2 moles of ATP are hydrolyzed, delta . Reaction D has a delta G of ; when coupled with the hydrolization of 2 moles of ATP, delta G will be . As this is negative, it is indicated that this will be a spontaneous reaction, or can proceed without input of energy.

ATP coupling is the process where hydrolysis of ATP (a thermodynamically favorable, negative delta G, or spontaneous reaction) is coupled with a thermodynamically unfavorable reaction (a reaction that cannot proceed without energy input).