Identifying Bones of the Lower Extremities - Anatomy

The tarsals are the seven bones that make up the ankle. The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpals of the hand and make up the body of the foot. The carpals are the eight wrist bones. The metacarpals make up the body of the hand.

The metatarsals are analogous to the metacarpals of the hand and make up the body of the foot. The tarsals are the seven bones that make up the ankle. The carpals and metacarpals make up the wrist and body of the hand, respectively.

The phalanges are the bones of the fingers and toes. The carpals make up the wrist. The tarsals and metatarsals make up the ankle and the body of the foot, respectively.

The linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and adductor tubercle are all landmarks found on the femur. The linea aspera is an attachment site for the adductor muscle group and the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis. A portion of the gluteus maximus attaches to the gluteal tuberosity. The adductor magnus attaches to the adductor tubercle. The soleal line is part of the tibia and serves as an attachment site for the soleus muscle.

The medial malleolus is located on the inferiomedial aspect of the tibia. The fibula is on the lateral aspect of the lower limb. The talus and calcaneus are in the foot. The femur is in the upper portion of the leg.

The correct answer is the femur. The greater trochanter is located on the superolateral aspect of the femur. The tibia and fibula is in the lower leg. The humerus is in the upper portion of the arm. The scapula is the "shoulder blade."

The correct answer is the femur. The lesser trochanter is on the superolateral portion of the femur. The tibia is in the lower leg. The sternum is in the chest. The patella is the knee cap. The scaphoid is in the wrist.

The bone that forms the shin is the tibia. This is palpable along the anterior surface of the lower limb. The fibula is also located in the lower leg, but is not part of the prominent ridge felt on the front of the leg, as it is deep. The femur is the bone found in the thigh. The mandible is the jaw bone.

Long bones have a body that is longer than it is wide (such as the femur, humerus, and phalanges). It consist of a tubular shaft (diaphysis) with growth plates (epiphyses) at either end. The shaft is composed of a hard outer surface of compact bone with a spongy interior (cancellous bone) that contains bone marrow.

Long bones have a body that is longer than it is wide (such as the femur, humerus, and phalanges), with growth plates (epiphysis) at either end. The have a hard outer surface of compact bone and a spongy interior known as cancellous bone (contains bone marrow). Both ends of the bone are covered in hyaline cartilage to help protect the bone and decrease friction.

The calcaneus is the heel bone and generally strikes the ground first in a normal walking gate. It is the most posterior bone in the foot. The achilles tendon attaches to it posteriorly.

The popliteal fossa is part of the femur. The lateral supracondylar line is also part of the femur. The soleal line is part of the tibia. The the subclavian groove is part of the clavicle and is an attachment site for the subclavius muscle.

The third cuneiform articulates with the navicular, second cuneiform, cuboid, and second, third, and fourth metatarsals.

The leg is the section of the lower limb distal to the knee cap. The two bones of the leg are the tibia and fibula. The fibula is located posterolateral to the tibia, making the tibia the more anterior of the two.

The femur is located in the thigh, and the ilium forms part of the pelvis. These are both located proximal to the leg.

The coxal bone, also known as the pelvis, is composed of three main regions: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. The ilium is the most superior of these structures, forming the iliac crests that serve as the origin and insertion for several muscles. The ischium and pubis are inferior to the ilium and join together to form the obturator foramen, with the ischium posterior to the pubis. The acetabulum is the smooth depression, or fossa, in the hip bone where the head of the femur sits. The ilium, ischium, and pubis all come together to form the acetabulum.

The coccyx is also known as the tailbone, and is an extension of the spinal column.

The cuboid does not articulate with the talus.

The calcaneus articulates with the talus to form the subtalar joint. The ankle joint is formed by the articulation of the talus with the tibia and fibula and is commonly injured as well in compression type injuries (usually a plafond fracture). The navicular articulates with the talus anteromedially.

Anatomical definitions determine the thigh to be the region between the knee and hip, and the leg to be the region between the knee and ankle. The thigh houses the femur, while the leg houses the tibia and fibula. The fibula articulates with the talus, one of the seven bones found in the ankle, at its distal end and the femur at its proximal end. This distal articulation is part of the ankle joint, while the proximal articulation is part of the knee joint.

The tibia is the larger bone of the two, and is responsible for carrying the majority of the weight of the lower limb.

Sesamoid bones form inside tendons and/or muscles. They help ease the movement of a tendon past the bone, prevent deformation when the tendon is taut, and can also increase the force the tendon can pull by acting like a pulley. Examples of sesamoid bones are the patella in the knee and the sesamoid bones of the foot.

A bone marrow biopsy is a procedure involving the removal of the fluid and a sample of bone from the marrow found at the center of some bones in the body. Aspiration, on the other hand, is only the removal of the fluid. The sample is acquired through a needle under anesthesia. The sample contains red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which can be observed under a microscope for abnormalities in numbers and shape. The results can also be used to look for spread of infection into the bone, as well as cancer.

The most common places for obtaining a sample in an adult are flat bones, namely the sternum and pelvic girdle. In children, the femur is a first choice. It is a long bone and is a major site of hematopoiesis in individuals younger than the age of 18.