Interpreting Data from Diagrams - ACT Science

The range indicates the spread of data. Range shows the difference between highest and lowest values.

The range indicates the spread of data. Range shows the difference between highest and lowest values.

Values across discrete categories. Bar charts show discrete category comparisons side by side.

$5$. $\Delta y$ is the vertical change: $9 - 4 = 5$.

A line graph is best for showing trends over time. Connecting points shows how data changes over time.

Mean = $\frac{\sum x}{n}$, where $x$ is each value and $n$ is the number of values. Sum all values and divide by the count of values.

The mode is 2. 2 appears twice, more than any other value.

A pie chart uses sectors. Sectors are wedge-shaped portions of the circle.

A histogram displays frequency distribution of continuous data. Shows how often values occur within specific intervals.

A bar graph is appropriate for categorical data. Categories are distinct groups that don't have numerical order.

The maximum value is 16. 16 is the largest value in the given set.

The minimum value is 3. 3 is the smallest value in the given set.

The slope indicates speed or velocity. Steeper slopes indicate faster movement or higher speeds.

Grid lines help in reading data values accurately. Grid lines provide reference points for precise measurements.

The range is 8. Range equals maximum value minus minimum value $(12-4=8)$.

A line graph uses lines to connect data points. Lines show continuous change between data points.

The mean is most sensitive to outliers. Extreme values greatly affect the mean calculation.

The mode is the most frequently occurring value. Mode identifies the value with highest frequency.

The legend explains symbols or colors. Legends decode the meaning of visual elements.

Data variability is often represented by error bars. Error bars show uncertainty or standard deviation.

The height represents the frequency or value of the data. Height corresponds to the measured quantity being displayed.

The median is the central value in a box plot. The median divides the data into two equal halves.

The y-axis represents dependent variables. Dependent variables respond to changes in independent variables.

The x-axis represents independent variables. Independent variables are manipulated or controlled in experiments.

Slope = $\frac{y_2 - y_1}{x_2 - x_1}$. Uses the change in y over change in x between two points.

A tree diagram shows hierarchical data. Tree structure shows parent-child relationships and levels.

Closely packed lines indicate a steep gradient. Close lines mean rapid elevation change over short distance.

The central line represents the median. The central line inside the box shows the median.

The width represents the interval or bin width. Width defines the range of values in each group.