Inferences & Conclusions - ACT Reading
Card 1 of 30
What is the best rule for inferring an unstated main idea from several details?
What is the best rule for inferring an unstated main idea from several details?
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Synthesize the common thread that explains most details. Find the unifying theme that connects and explains multiple details.
Synthesize the common thread that explains most details. Find the unifying theme that connects and explains multiple details.
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Which term describes drawing a conclusion from facts?
Which term describes drawing a conclusion from facts?
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Reasoning. Reasoning is the mental process of deriving conclusions from facts or evidence.
Reasoning. Reasoning is the mental process of deriving conclusions from facts or evidence.
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What is the most accurate inference from a passage that presents a counterargument?
What is the most accurate inference from a passage that presents a counterargument?
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The author anticipates objections and strengthens the main claim. Acknowledging counterarguments shows thorough reasoning and confidence.
The author anticipates objections and strengthens the main claim. Acknowledging counterarguments shows thorough reasoning and confidence.
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Identify the best inference: “She packed extra water, despite the short hike.”
Identify the best inference: “She packed extra water, despite the short hike.”
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She is cautious or expects conditions could become difficult. Extra preparation despite short distance suggests expecting potential problems.
She is cautious or expects conditions could become difficult. Extra preparation despite short distance suggests expecting potential problems.
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Identify the best inference: “The narrator calls the proposal ‘ambitious’ and ‘untested.’”
Identify the best inference: “The narrator calls the proposal ‘ambitious’ and ‘untested.’”
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The narrator admires the scope but doubts its reliability. 'Ambitious' and 'untested' together suggest impressive but risky scope.
The narrator admires the scope but doubts its reliability. 'Ambitious' and 'untested' together suggest impressive but risky scope.
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What is the best rule for choosing between two inferences when one matches the passage’s tone?
What is the best rule for choosing between two inferences when one matches the passage’s tone?
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Prefer the choice consistent with tone and supported by details. Tone consistency and detail support create stronger inferences.
Prefer the choice consistent with tone and supported by details. Tone consistency and detail support create stronger inferences.
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What is the best rule for inferring the author’s purpose in including a statistic?
What is the best rule for inferring the author’s purpose in including a statistic?
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To quantify support, show scale, or increase credibility. Statistics typically support claims through concrete evidence or scope.
To quantify support, show scale, or increase credibility. Statistics typically support claims through concrete evidence or scope.
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Which word indicates a result in a text?
Which word indicates a result in a text?
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Consequently. An adverb indicating logical result or outcome.
Consequently. An adverb indicating logical result or outcome.
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Identify the conclusion: 'If X, then Y. X is true.'
Identify the conclusion: 'If X, then Y. X is true.'
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Y is true. This follows conditional logic: if the condition X is met, then Y follows.
Y is true. This follows conditional logic: if the condition X is met, then Y follows.
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Which word indicates a result in a text?
Which word indicates a result in a text?
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Consequently. An adverb indicating logical result or outcome.
Consequently. An adverb indicating logical result or outcome.
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Which word indicates adding additional information?
Which word indicates adding additional information?
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Additionally. An adverb that introduces supplementary information.
Additionally. An adverb that introduces supplementary information.
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What is the term for a conclusion drawn from specific cases to general principles?
What is the term for a conclusion drawn from specific cases to general principles?
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Induction. Bottom-up reasoning from specific to general.
Induction. Bottom-up reasoning from specific to general.
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What word indicates an alternative in a text?
What word indicates an alternative in a text?
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Alternatively. An adverb presenting a different option or choice.
Alternatively. An adverb presenting a different option or choice.
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Identify the phrase that introduces a concession in a text.
Identify the phrase that introduces a concession in a text.
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Granted. A transition acknowledging an opposing point.
Granted. A transition acknowledging an opposing point.
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What term describes evidence or reasoning that supports a conclusion?
What term describes evidence or reasoning that supports a conclusion?
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Justification. The reasoning or evidence supporting a claim.
Justification. The reasoning or evidence supporting a claim.
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Which word signals a recap or restatement in a text?
Which word signals a recap or restatement in a text?
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In summary. A transitional phrase introducing a recap.
In summary. A transitional phrase introducing a recap.
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Identify the term for reasoning from general principles to specific instances.
Identify the term for reasoning from general principles to specific instances.
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Deductive reasoning. Logical reasoning from general principles to specifics.
Deductive reasoning. Logical reasoning from general principles to specifics.
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What word indicates a comparison in a text?
What word indicates a comparison in a text?
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Similarly. An adverb showing likeness or parallel ideas.
Similarly. An adverb showing likeness or parallel ideas.
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Which word signals additional support or examples?
Which word signals additional support or examples?
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Moreover. An adverb adding emphasis or further support.
Moreover. An adverb adding emphasis or further support.
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Identify the term for a statement that contradicts the main argument.
Identify the term for a statement that contradicts the main argument.
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Counterargument. An opposing viewpoint that challenges main claims.
Counterargument. An opposing viewpoint that challenges main claims.
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What term describes the underlying assumption in reasoning?
What term describes the underlying assumption in reasoning?
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Premise. The foundational statement in logical reasoning.
Premise. The foundational statement in logical reasoning.
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What is the term for drawing a general rule from specific cases?
What is the term for drawing a general rule from specific cases?
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Generalization. Creating broad rules from specific observations.
Generalization. Creating broad rules from specific observations.
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Identify the term for reasoning that connects evidence to a conclusion.
Identify the term for reasoning that connects evidence to a conclusion.
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Argumentation. The structured process of logical reasoning.
Argumentation. The structured process of logical reasoning.
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What word signals a condition in a text?
What word signals a condition in a text?
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If. A conditional word introducing hypothetical scenarios.
If. A conditional word introducing hypothetical scenarios.
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What phrase introduces a summary or restatement?
What phrase introduces a summary or restatement?
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To sum up. A common phrase for concluding summaries.
To sum up. A common phrase for concluding summaries.
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Identify the term for reasoning that involves forming a conclusion based on incomplete information.
Identify the term for reasoning that involves forming a conclusion based on incomplete information.
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Inference. Drawing conclusions from partial or implicit information.
Inference. Drawing conclusions from partial or implicit information.
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What phrase introduces a reason in an argument?
What phrase introduces a reason in an argument?
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Due to. A prepositional phrase indicating causation.
Due to. A prepositional phrase indicating causation.
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Identify the term for something that is assumed to be true without proof.
Identify the term for something that is assumed to be true without proof.
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Assumption. Something taken for granted without explicit proof.
Assumption. Something taken for granted without explicit proof.
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What word suggests a hypothetical scenario in a text?
What word suggests a hypothetical scenario in a text?
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Suppose. Introduces conditional or hypothetical situations.
Suppose. Introduces conditional or hypothetical situations.
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Which word signals a conclusion in an argument?
Which word signals a conclusion in an argument?
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Thus. An adverb marking the result of reasoning.
Thus. An adverb marking the result of reasoning.
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