Variables

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ACT Math › Variables

Questions 1 - 10

Give the coefficient of $x^{2}$ in the product

$\left (3x- 7 \right ) \left ( 4x+3\right )\left ( 2x-7\right )$ .

Explanation

While this problem can be answered by multiplying the three binomials, it is not necessary. There are three ways to multiply one term from each binomial such that two terms and one constant are multiplied; find the three products and add them, as follows:

$\left (\underline{3x}- 7 \right ) \left ( \underline{4x}+3\right )\left ( 2x\underline{-7}\right )$

$3x \cdot 4x \cdot (-7) = -84x^{2}$

$\left (\underline{3x}- 7 \right ) \left ( 4x\underline{+3}\right )\left ( \underline{2x}-7\right )$

$3x \cdot 3 \cdot 2x = 18x^{2}$

$\left (3x\underline{- 7} \right ) \left ( \underline{4x}+3\right )\left ( \underline{2x}-7\right )$

$-7 \cdot 4x \cdot 2x = -56x^{2}$

Add: $-84x^{2} + 18x^{2} - 56x^{2} = -122x^{2}$

The correct response is -122.

Give the coefficient of $x^{5}$ in the binomial expansion of $\left ( 2x+ 0.5\right )^{8}$ .

Explanation

If the expression $\left ( A x + B\right )^{n}$ is expanded, then by the binomial theorem, the $x^{k}$ term is

$C(n, k) \cdot\left ( Ax \right )^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

$= C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k} \cdot x^{k}$

or, equivalently, the coefficient of $x^{k}$ is

$C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

Therefore, the $x^{5}$ coefficient can be determined by setting

$C(8,5) \cdot 2^{5} \cdot 0.5 ^{8-5}$

$=C(8,5) \cdot 2^{5} \cdot 0.5 ^{3}$

$= 56\cdot 32 \cdot 0.125$

Give the coefficient of $x^{5}$ in the binomial expansion of $\left ( 0.2x+ 5 \right )^{7}$ .

Explanation

If the expression $\left ( A x + B\right )^{n}$ is expanded, then by the binomial theorem, the $x^{k}$ term is

$C(n, k) \cdot\left ( Ax \right )^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

$= C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k} \cdot x^{k}$

or, equivalently, the coefficient of $x^{k}$ is

$C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

Therefore, the $x^{5}$ coefficient can be determined by setting

$C(7,5) \cdot 0.2^{5} \cdot 5 ^{7 - 5}$

$= C(7,5) \cdot 0.2 ^{5} \cdot 5 ^{2}$

$= 21\cdot 0.00032 \cdot 25$

Give the coefficient of $x^{5}$ in the binomial expansion of $\left ( 2x+ 0.5\right )^{8}$ .

Explanation

If the expression $\left ( A x + B\right )^{n}$ is expanded, then by the binomial theorem, the $x^{k}$ term is

$C(n, k) \cdot\left ( Ax \right )^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

$= C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k} \cdot x^{k}$

or, equivalently, the coefficient of $x^{k}$ is

$C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

Therefore, the $x^{5}$ coefficient can be determined by setting

$C(8,5) \cdot 2^{5} \cdot 0.5 ^{8-5}$

$=C(8,5) \cdot 2^{5} \cdot 0.5 ^{3}$

$= 56\cdot 32 \cdot 0.125$

Give the coefficient of $x^{2}$ in the product

$\left (3x- 7 \right ) \left ( 4x+3\right )\left ( 2x-7\right )$ .

Explanation

$\left (\underline{3x}- 7 \right ) \left ( \underline{4x}+3\right )\left ( 2x\underline{-7}\right )$

$3x \cdot 4x \cdot (-7) = -84x^{2}$

$\left (\underline{3x}- 7 \right ) \left ( 4x\underline{+3}\right )\left ( \underline{2x}-7\right )$

$3x \cdot 3 \cdot 2x = 18x^{2}$

$\left (3x\underline{- 7} \right ) \left ( \underline{4x}+3\right )\left ( \underline{2x}-7\right )$

$-7 \cdot 4x \cdot 2x = -56x^{2}$

Add: $-84x^{2} + 18x^{2} - 56x^{2} = -122x^{2}$

The correct response is -122.

Choose the answer that is the simplest form of the following expression of monomial quotients:

$\frac{2x^3y^4}{10z^3} * \frac{4z^2p}{10xy}$

$\frac{2x^2y^3p}{25z}$

$\frac{8x^2y^3p}{25z^2}$

$\frac{2xyp}{15z}$

$\frac{2p}{25z}$

$\frac{13x^2y^3p}{100z}$

Explanation

$\frac{2x^3y^4}{10z^3} * \frac{4z^2p}{10xy}$

To simplify, first multiply across:

$\frac{8x^3y^4z^2p}{100z^3xy}$

Then, reduce:

$\frac{2x^2y^3p}{25z}$

Give the coefficient of $x^{4}$ in the binomial expansion of $\left (6x+ \frac{1}{6}\right )^{7}$ .

$\frac{35}{6}$

Explanation

If the expression $\left ( A x + B\right )^{n}$ is expanded, then by the binomial theorem, the $x^{k}$ term is

$C(n, k) \cdot\left ( Ax \right )^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

$= C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k} \cdot x^{k}$

or, equivalently, the coefficient of $x^{k}$ is

$C(n, k) \cdot A ^{k} \cdot B ^{n - k}$

Therefore, the $x^{4}$ coefficient can be determined by setting

$A = 6, B = \frac{1}{6}, n = 7, k= 4$ :

$C(7,4) \cdot 6 ^{4} \cdot\left ( \frac{1}{6} \right ) ^{7-4}$

$=C(7,4) \cdot 6 ^{4} \cdot\left ( \frac{1}{6} \right ) ^{3}$

$=35 \cdot 1,296 \cdot \frac{1}{216}$

Give the coefficient of $x^{2}$ in the product

$\left ( x+ 0.4\right ) (x - 0.2) (3x-0.7)$ .

Explanation

$\left (\underline{ x}+ 0.4\right ) (\underline{x} - 0.2) (3x\underline{-0.7})$

$x \cdot x \cdot (-0.7) = -0.7x^{2}$

$\left (\underline{ x}+ 0.4\right ) (x \underline{-0.2})(\underline{3x}-0.7)$

$x \cdot (-0.2) \cdot 3x= -0.6x^{2}$

$\left (x+ \underline{0.4}\right ) (\underline{x} - 0.2)(\underline{3x}-0.7)$

$0.4 \cdot x \cdot 3x = 1.2 x^{2}$

Add: $-0.7x^{2}+ (-0.6x^{2})+ 1.2x^{2} = -0.1x^{2}$ .

The correct response is .

Add and .

Explanation

To add the trinomials, simply eliminate the parentheses and add like terms.

Choose the answer that is the simplest form of the following expression of monomial quotients:

$\frac{2x^3y^4}{10z^3} * \frac{4z^2p}{10xy}$

$\frac{2x^2y^3p}{25z}$

$\frac{8x^2y^3p}{25z^2}$

$\frac{2xyp}{15z}$

$\frac{2p}{25z}$

$\frac{13x^2y^3p}{100z}$

Explanation

$\frac{2x^3y^4}{10z^3} * \frac{4z^2p}{10xy}$

To simplify, first multiply across:

$\frac{8x^3y^4z^2p}{100z^3xy}$

Then, reduce:

$\frac{2x^2y^3p}{25z}$

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