All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the author’s purpose if the text urges action and uses “should” repeatedly.
Answer: To persuade. Action words and modal verbs indicate argumentative intent.
Flashcard 2: What is the most objective way to state an author’s point of view in one sentence?
Answer: The author believes [claim] because [main reasons]. This formula avoids bias by focusing on claims and reasoning.
Flashcard 3: Which option is the best sign that an author is biased?
Answer: Loaded language that praises one side and attacks the other. Emotionally charged words reveal unfair treatment of sides.
Flashcard 4: Identify the response type: “Some argue X; however, the data show Y.”
Answer: Refutation. "However" signals rejection of the opposing claim.
Flashcard 5: What is the difference between refutation and concession in an author’s response?
Answer: Refutation disproves; concession admits some validity. One rejects completely; the other partially accepts.
Flashcard 6: Identify the term for evidence that directly contradicts an author’s claim.
Answer: Conflicting evidence. This evidence challenges the author's argument directly.
Flashcard 7: Identify the response type: “While X is a concern, the benefits still outweigh it.”
Answer: Concession followed by rebuttal. Admits the concern exists but argues it's outweighed.
Flashcard 8: Which option best describes a fair response to opposing viewpoints in a strong argument?
Answer: Accurately summarize opposition and address it with relevant evidence. Fair argumentation requires honest representation and evidence.
Flashcard 9: Which word most often signals a concession to an opposing viewpoint?
Answer: Although. This conjunction introduces a contrasting point the author admits.
Flashcard 10: What does it mean when an author responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints?
Answer: The author addresses opposition by refuting, qualifying, or conceding. These three strategies show how authors handle opposition.
Flashcard 11: What does it mean when an author acknowledges a conflicting viewpoint?
Answer: The author recognizes an opposing claim, reason, or interpretation. Shows intellectual honesty by mentioning other perspectives.
Flashcard 12: What is a claim in an argumentative informational text?
Answer: A statement the author argues is true or should be accepted. Claims form the foundation of argumentative writing.
Flashcard 13: Which option best distinguishes point of view from purpose?
Answer: Point of view = stance; purpose = reason for writing. Stance refers to position; reason refers to intention.
Flashcard 14: What is an author’s purpose in informational writing?
Answer: The reason the author wrote (inform, persuade, explain, or entertain). These four categories cover most writing intentions.
Flashcard 15: What is an author’s point of view in an informational text (RI.8.6)?
Answer: The author’s perspective or stance on the topic. Differs from opinion by being the author's specific position.
Flashcard 16: Which transition most clearly signals a rebuttal to an opposing idea?
Answer: However. Signals a strong contrast to counter the previous point.
Flashcard 17: Identify the response type: “Critics claim X, and the author agrees that X occurs.”
Answer: Concession. The author accepts the critics' point without arguing.
Flashcard 18: Which option best shows the author is qualifying a claim rather than fully conceding?
Answer: Using limiting words such as “often,” “some,” or “in many cases.”. These hedging words show partial rather than total agreement.
Flashcard 19: Identify the author’s purpose if the text mainly defines terms and explains processes.
Answer: To explain or inform. Neutral presentation of information indicates this purpose.
Flashcard 20: Which option is the clearest signal that the author is introducing a counterargument: A) For example B) However C) As a result?
Answer: B) However. "However" signals contrast, often introducing opposing viewpoints.
Flashcard 21: What is the difference between a claim and evidence in an informational argument?
Answer: Claim = position; evidence = facts/data supporting the position. Claims state what the author believes; evidence proves it.
Flashcard 22: Which phrase most strongly signals concession rather than refutation: A) This is false B) To be sure C) Therefore?
Answer: B) To be sure. "To be sure" acknowledges validity before presenting a counterpoint.
Flashcard 23: Identify the author’s likely purpose if the text relies on emotional language and loaded words.
Answer: To persuade. Emotional appeals and loaded language aim to influence readers' opinions.
Flashcard 24: Identify the author’s likely point of view if the text uses positive judgments about the policy throughout.
Answer: Supportive or favorable toward the policy. Consistent positive language reveals the author's favorable stance.
Flashcard 25: What is a reliable indicator of bias when analyzing point of view?
Answer: One-sided language that ignores or dismisses other perspectives. Bias appears when authors present only one side without balance.
Flashcard 26: Which option best shows the author is responding to criticism: A) listing steps B) answering objections C) defining terms?
Answer: B) answering objections. Answering objections directly addresses critics' concerns.
Flashcard 27: What is the author doing when they use data to show an opposing claim is inaccurate?
Answer: Refuting the opposing claim with evidence. Using data to disprove opposing claims is a refutation strategy.
Flashcard 28: What is the author doing when they suggest a compromise after presenting both sides?
Answer: Qualifying the claim by offering a middle position. Compromise shows the author seeks common ground between viewpoints.
Flashcard 29: Which response best describes an author who mentions an opposing view but gives no reply?
Answer: Acknowledges the viewpoint but does not address it. Mentioning without responding shows awareness but avoids engagement.
Flashcard 30: What is the main analysis task in CCSS.RI.8.6 beyond identifying point of view or purpose?
Answer: Analyze how the author acknowledges and responds to conflicting views/evidence. This standard emphasizes analyzing how authors handle opposition.