Evaluate Speaker's Argument and Evidence - 7th Grade Reading
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Identify the evidence type: “A pediatrician states that teens need $8$–$10$ hours of sleep.”
Identify the evidence type: “A pediatrician states that teens need $8$–$10$ hours of sleep.”
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Expert testimony. A qualified professional provides specialized knowledge.
Expert testimony. A qualified professional provides specialized knowledge.
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Which question best tests whether a speaker’s evidence is sufficient?
Which question best tests whether a speaker’s evidence is sufficient?
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Is there enough credible support to justify the claim. Tests if evidence adequately proves the speaker's point.
Is there enough credible support to justify the claim. Tests if evidence adequately proves the speaker's point.
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What does it mean for evidence to be sufficient?
What does it mean for evidence to be sufficient?
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Enough credible support exists to justify the claim. The evidence fully proves the claim without gaps.
Enough credible support exists to justify the claim. The evidence fully proves the claim without gaps.
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What is the difference between relevant evidence and irrelevant evidence?
What is the difference between relevant evidence and irrelevant evidence?
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Relevant supports the claim; irrelevant does not connect to it. Relevant evidence directly relates to and helps prove the claim.
Relevant supports the claim; irrelevant does not connect to it. Relevant evidence directly relates to and helps prove the claim.
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What is evidence in an argument?
What is evidence in an argument?
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Facts, examples, data, or expert sources that support a claim. Concrete proof that backs up what the speaker claims.
Facts, examples, data, or expert sources that support a claim. Concrete proof that backs up what the speaker claims.
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What is a reason in an argument (as opposed to evidence)?
What is a reason in an argument (as opposed to evidence)?
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A reason is the “why” that connects a claim to the argument. Reasons provide logical justification, while evidence provides proof.
A reason is the “why” that connects a claim to the argument. Reasons provide logical justification, while evidence provides proof.
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What does it mean to delineate a speaker’s argument in a speech or debate?
What does it mean to delineate a speaker’s argument in a speech or debate?
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Identify the position, claims, reasons, and evidence structure. Break down the speech into its logical components and connections.
Identify the position, claims, reasons, and evidence structure. Break down the speech into its logical components and connections.
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What is the difference between a speaker’s central argument and a specific claim?
What is the difference between a speaker’s central argument and a specific claim?
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Argument = main position; claim = one supporting statement. The argument is the overall thesis; claims are specific points supporting it.
Argument = main position; claim = one supporting statement. The argument is the overall thesis; claims are specific points supporting it.
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What does it mean for reasoning to be sound?
What does it mean for reasoning to be sound?
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Logic is valid and evidence is relevant, credible, and sufficient. Sound reasoning follows logical rules with strong support.
Logic is valid and evidence is relevant, credible, and sufficient. Sound reasoning follows logical rules with strong support.
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Which term describes evidence from a trustworthy, knowledgeable source?
Which term describes evidence from a trustworthy, knowledgeable source?
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Credible evidence. The source has expertise and no bias on the topic.
Credible evidence. The source has expertise and no bias on the topic.
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Which term names a claim that can be proven true or false with evidence?
Which term names a claim that can be proven true or false with evidence?
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Verifiable (fact-based) claim. Can be tested objectively, unlike opinion-based claims.
Verifiable (fact-based) claim. Can be tested objectively, unlike opinion-based claims.
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Identify the fallacy: “Either we ban phones in school or students will never learn.”
Identify the fallacy: “Either we ban phones in school or students will never learn.”
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False dilemma (either-or fallacy). Presents only two extreme options, ignoring middle ground.
False dilemma (either-or fallacy). Presents only two extreme options, ignoring middle ground.
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Identify the fallacy: “My friend used a supplement and got stronger, so it works for everyone.”
Identify the fallacy: “My friend used a supplement and got stronger, so it works for everyone.”
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Hasty generalization. Draws broad conclusions from limited examples.
Hasty generalization. Draws broad conclusions from limited examples.
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Identify the fallacy: “Do not trust her plan; she is lazy.”
Identify the fallacy: “Do not trust her plan; she is lazy.”
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Ad hominem attack. Attacks the person instead of addressing their argument.
Ad hominem attack. Attacks the person instead of addressing their argument.
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Identify the fallacy: “If we allow one late assignment, soon no one will meet deadlines.”
Identify the fallacy: “If we allow one late assignment, soon no one will meet deadlines.”
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Slippery slope. Predicts extreme consequences without logical steps.
Slippery slope. Predicts extreme consequences without logical steps.
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Which choice is the most relevant evidence for the claim “School lunches should be healthier”?
Which choice is the most relevant evidence for the claim “School lunches should be healthier”?
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Nutrition data showing high sugar and low fiber in current lunches. Directly addresses the health aspect of the claim.
Nutrition data showing high sugar and low fiber in current lunches. Directly addresses the health aspect of the claim.
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Which choice is the best example of sufficient evidence for a broad claim about a whole school?
Which choice is the best example of sufficient evidence for a broad claim about a whole school?
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Multiple sources over time (surveys, records, and observations). Comprehensive data from varied sources ensures reliability.
Multiple sources over time (surveys, records, and observations). Comprehensive data from varied sources ensures reliability.
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Identify the missing part: “We should start later because teens need more sleep.” What is “teens need more sleep”?
Identify the missing part: “We should start later because teens need more sleep.” What is “teens need more sleep”?
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Reason. It explains why the action should be taken.
Reason. It explains why the action should be taken.
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What is the best definition of sound reasoning in an argument?
What is the best definition of sound reasoning in an argument?
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Logic that validly connects reasons and evidence to the claim. Reasoning follows logical principles without errors.
Logic that validly connects reasons and evidence to the claim. Reasoning follows logical principles without errors.
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What does relevant evidence mean when evaluating a speaker’s claims?
What does relevant evidence mean when evaluating a speaker’s claims?
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Evidence that directly supports the specific claim being made. Must connect to and prove the exact point argued.
Evidence that directly supports the specific claim being made. Must connect to and prove the exact point argued.
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What does sufficient evidence mean in an argument?
What does sufficient evidence mean in an argument?
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Enough high-quality support to justify accepting the claim. Quality and quantity meet the burden of proof.
Enough high-quality support to justify accepting the claim. Quality and quantity meet the burden of proof.
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What is the difference between a fact and an opinion in a speech?
What is the difference between a fact and an opinion in a speech?
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Fact is verifiable; opinion is a belief or judgment. Facts can be proven true/false; opinions cannot.
Fact is verifiable; opinion is a belief or judgment. Facts can be proven true/false; opinions cannot.
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What is a counterclaim in a spoken argument?
What is a counterclaim in a spoken argument?
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An opposing position or alternative claim to the speaker’s claim. Challenges the main argument with a different view.
An opposing position or alternative claim to the speaker’s claim. Challenges the main argument with a different view.
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What is a rebuttal in a debate or argumentative speech?
What is a rebuttal in a debate or argumentative speech?
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A response that refutes a counterclaim using reasons and evidence. Defends against opposing views with proof.
A response that refutes a counterclaim using reasons and evidence. Defends against opposing views with proof.
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Identify the fallacy: “Do not listen to her plan; she is lazy.”
Identify the fallacy: “Do not listen to her plan; she is lazy.”
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Ad hominem (attacking the person). Attacks character instead of addressing the argument.
Ad hominem (attacking the person). Attacks character instead of addressing the argument.
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