Add, Subtract, Factor Linear Expressions
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7th Grade Math › Add, Subtract, Factor Linear Expressions
Combine like terms to simplify $\left(2x-\frac{3}{4}\right)+\left(-5x+\frac{1}{2}\right)$.
$-3x-\frac{1}{4}$
$-3x+\frac{5}{4}$
$-7x-\frac{1}{4}$
$3x-\frac{1}{4}$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, (2x - 3/4) + (-5x + 1/2) combines x terms (2 - 5 = -3x) and constants (-3/4 + 2/4 = -1/4), giving -3x - 1/4. In this case, the correct simplification is -3x - 1/4. A common error is sign error in adding fractions without a common denominator, such as -3/4 + 1/2 = -3/4 + 1/2 = 1/4 instead of -1/4. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
A student simplifies an expression for points earned in a game: $12x+18$. Factor the expression completely by finding the greatest common factor (GCF).
$3(4x+6)$
$2(6x+9)$
$12(x+18)$
$6(2x+3)$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations include adding by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtracting by distributing the negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expanding using the distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), and factoring by finding the GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires the same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, (3x+5)+(2x-3) combines like terms: 3x+2x=5x, 5+(-3)=2, giving 5x+2; or (4x+7)-(2x+3) distributes the negative: 4x+7-2x-3, combines to 2x+4; or factor 8x+12: GCF=4, so 4(2x+3). Factor completely by finding GCF 6: 12x/6 = 2x, 18/6 = 3, giving 6(2x + 3), which is choice A. A common error is factoring partially, like pulling out only 3 to get 3(4x + 6) without checking for a larger GCF. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
Simplify the difference: $\left(1.2x-4.8\right)-\left(0.7x+1.5\right)$.
$0.5x+6.3$
$0.5x-3.3$
$1.9x-3.3$
$0.5x-6.3$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations include adding by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtracting by distributing the negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expanding using the distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), and factoring by finding the GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires the same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). A specific example is (4x+7)-(2x+3): distribute negative 4x+7-2x-3, combine 2x+4. For this problem, distribute negative: 1.2x - 4.8 - 0.7x - 1.5, combine x terms: 1.2x - 0.7x = 0.5x, constants: -4.8 - 1.5 = -6.3, giving 0.5x - 6.3. A common error is sign error in subtraction, like not distributing the negative to the constant term. Strategy: for adding/subtracting, distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); common mistakes include distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3).
A music club sells two types of tickets. The money collected is modeled by $\left(\frac{2}{3}x+5\right)$ dollars and $\left(\frac{1}{6}x-2\right)$ dollars. Simplify the sum $\left(\frac{2}{3}x+5\right)+\left(\frac{1}{6}x-2\right)$.
$\frac{3}{9}x+7$
$\frac{5}{6}x+3$
$\frac{1}{2}x+3$
$\frac{5}{6}x-3$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations include adding by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtracting by distributing the negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expanding using the distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), and factoring by finding the GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires the same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). A specific example is ((rac{2}{3}x + 5)) + ((rac{1}{3}x - 2)): combine (rac{2}{3} + rac{1}{3} = x), 5-2=3, giving x+3. For this problem, combine x terms: (rac{2}{3}x + rac{1}{6}x = rac{4}{6}x + rac{1}{6}x = rac{5}{6}x), constants: 5 - 2 = 3, resulting in (rac{5}{6}x + 3). A common error is fraction addition without common denominator, like adding (rac{2}{3} + rac{1}{6}) as (rac{3}{9}) instead of (rac{5}{6}). Strategy: for adding/subtracting, distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); common mistakes include fraction operations without common denominators.
A coach writes an expression for total practice time: $3\left(\frac{2}{3}x-5\right)$. Expand the expression using the distributive property.
$2x+15$
$2x-5$
$\frac{2}{3}x-15$
$2x-15$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations include adding by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtracting by distributing the negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expanding using the distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), and factoring by finding the GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires the same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, (3x+5)+(2x-3) combines like terms: 3x+2x=5x, 5+(-3)=2, giving 5x+2; or (4x+7)-(2x+3) distributes the negative: 4x+7-2x-3, combines to 2x+4; or factor 8x+12: GCF=4, so 4(2x+3). Expand by distributing 3: 3*(2/3)x = 2x, and 3*(-5) = -15, resulting in 2x - 15, which is choice A. A common error is incomplete distribution, like multiplying only the first term and forgetting the second, giving just 2x without -15. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
A coach says the total practice time can be written as $3(2x-5)$. Expand the expression using the distributive property.
$6x-5$
$6(x-5)$
$2x-15$
$6x-15$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, expanding 3(2x-5) using the distributive property gives 32x - 35 = 6x - 15. In this case, the correct expansion is 3(2x-5)=6x-15. A common error is missing the distribution to the second term or mishandling the sign, such as 3*2x -5 =6x-5 instead of multiplying the 5 by 3. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
Simplify the expression $0.5x+2.5-0.3x+1.5$ by combining like terms.
$0.8x+4$
$0.5x+4$
$0.2x+4$
$0.2x+1$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, 0.5x + 2.5 - 0.3x + 1.5 combines x terms (0.5 - 0.3 = 0.2x) and constants (2.5 + 1.5 = 4), giving 0.2x + 4. In this case, the correct simplification is 0.2x + 4. A common error is combining unlike terms or mishandling decimals, such as adding all numbers without grouping. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
Which expression is equivalent to $5\left(x-\frac{2}{5}\right)+3x$ after simplifying?
$5x+3x-\frac{2}{5}$
$8x-\frac{2}{5}$
$8x+2$
$8x-2$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, 5(x - 2/5) + 3x expands to 5x - 2 + 3x, then combines to 8x - 2. In this case, the correct simplification is 8x - 2. A common error is not distributing the 5 to the -2/5 term fully, such as leaving it as 5x - 2/5 + 3x. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
Factor the expression $\frac{3}{5}x+\frac{6}{5}$ by taking out the greatest common factor.
$\frac{3}{10}(2x+6)$
$\frac{6}{5}(x+1)$
$\frac{3}{5}(x+2)$
$\frac{3}{5}(x+\frac{6}{5})$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, to factor 3/5 x + 6/5, find the GCF of 3/5 and 6/5 which is 3/5, then 3/5 (x + 2). In this case, the correct factoring is 3/5 (x + 2). A common error is not identifying the full GCF for fractions or factoring incompletely, such as using 6/5 instead. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.
Which expression is equivalent to $5\left(x-\frac{2}{5}\right)+3x$ after simplifying?
$8x+2$
$5x+3x-\frac{2}{5}$
$8x-\frac{2}{5}$
$8x-2$
Explanation
This question tests adding, subtracting, factoring, and expanding linear expressions with rational coefficients using properties of operations. Operations: add by combining like terms (3x+2x=5x, coefficients add), subtract by distributing negative then combining (4x-(2x-3)=4x-2x+3=2x+3, negative distributes to all terms), expand using distributive property a(b+c)=ab+ac (multiply each term: 3(2x-5)=6x-15), factor by finding GCF and dividing out (6x+9: GCF=3, so 3(6x/3+9/3)=3(2x+3)). Combining like terms requires same variable (3x and 5x combine, but 2x and 3 don't). For example, 5(x - 2/5) + 3x expands to 5x - 2 + 3x, then combines to 8x - 2. In this case, the correct simplification is 8x - 2. A common error is not distributing the 5 to the -2/5 term fully, such as leaving it as 5x - 2/5 + 3x. Strategy: (1) for adding/subtracting: distribute any negatives first (important for subtraction), identify like terms (same variable part: 3x and 5x are like, 2x and 3 aren't), combine (add/subtract coefficients: 3x+5x=8x), combine constants separately (5-3=2); (2) for expanding: distribute to every term (a(b+c+d)=ab+ac+ad, don't miss any); (3) for factoring: find GCF of all terms, divide each term by GCF, write as GCF(quotients). Common mistakes: distributing negative to only first term -(2x-3)=-2x-3 (wrong, should be -2x+3), combining unlike terms, fraction operations without common denominators, factoring incompletely.