All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is the difference between a claim and evidence?
Answer: Claim states; evidence proves or supports the claim. Claims assert; evidence verifies through facts or data.
Flashcard 2: What is a speaker’s argument in a speech or presentation?
Answer: The main position the speaker wants the audience to accept. It's the central thesis or conclusion they want listeners to adopt.
Flashcard 3: What is a claim in a speaker’s argument?
Answer: A specific statement the speaker asserts is true. It's a declarative statement that can be evaluated as true or false.
Flashcard 4: Which choice best defines “delineate” a speaker’s argument?
Answer: To clearly identify and outline its parts. Delineate means to describe precisely or mark boundaries.
Flashcard 5: What is an unsupported claim?
Answer: A claim given without reasons or evidence. It lacks backing from facts, logic, or expert testimony.
Flashcard 6: Identify the role of “because” in an argument: “X is true because Y.”
Answer: It signals a reason supporting a claim. "Because" introduces causal relationships or justifications.
Flashcard 7: Which signal phrase most often introduces evidence: “for example” or “I believe”?
Answer: For example. "For example" introduces specific instances as proof.
Flashcard 8: Which signal phrase most often introduces a claim: “in conclusion” or “according to”?
Answer: In conclusion. This phrase signals a summary statement or final assertion.
Flashcard 9: Identify the claim in this statement: “School should start later to improve learning.”
Answer: School should start later to improve learning. This is the assertion being made about school start times.
Flashcard 10: Identify the evidence in this statement: “According to a survey, 70% prefer later start times.”
Answer: “According to a survey, 70% prefer later start times.”. Survey data provides factual support for an argument.
Flashcard 11: Identify the reason in this statement: “We should recycle because it reduces landfill waste.”
Answer: It reduces landfill waste. The phrase after "because" explains why we should recycle.
Flashcard 12: Which sentence is evidence rather than opinion: “It seems unfair” or “The rule began in 2019”?
Answer: “The rule began in 2019.”. Dates are verifiable facts; "unfair" is subjective opinion.
Flashcard 13: Which statement is an unsupported claim: “It is the best” or “Tests show it improves scores”?
Answer: “It is the best.”. No proof given; the second cites test results as evidence.
Flashcard 14: Which sentence is the claim: “Libraries matter. They provide free resources for everyone.”?
Answer: Libraries matter. The first sentence makes the main assertion.
Flashcard 15: Which option is a reason (not evidence): “A survey shows 60% agree” or “It improves learning”?
Answer: It improves learning. Reasons explain why; surveys provide factual data.
Flashcard 16: Identify the claim in this statement: “School should start later to help students.”
Answer: School should start later. This is the main assertion being made.
Flashcard 17: Which option is evidence (not a reason): “It is better,” “Experts report it,” or “It seems fair”?
Answer: Experts report it. Expert reports are factual, not just logical reasoning.
Flashcard 18: Identify the evidence in this statement: “A study found teens need about 8–10 hours of sleep.”
Answer: A study found teens need about 8–10 hours of sleep. Research data provides factual support for claims.
Flashcard 19: Identify the reason in this statement: “School should start later because teens need more sleep.”
Answer: Teens need more sleep. The "because" clause provides the logical support.
Flashcard 20: Identify whether this is supported or unsupported: “Recycling saves money,” followed by city cost data.
Answer: Supported claim. Cost data provides factual evidence for the claim.
Flashcard 21: What is a speaker’s central argument in a speech?
Answer: The main position the speaker is trying to prove. It's the overall thesis or conclusion the speaker wants listeners to accept.
Flashcard 22: What is a claim in an argument you hear in a speech?
Answer: A specific statement the speaker says is true. Claims are assertions that need support to be convincing.
Flashcard 23: What is a reason in a spoken argument?
Answer: A statement that explains why a claim should be believed. Reasons provide logical support for why claims are valid.
Flashcard 24: What is evidence in a spoken argument?
Answer: Facts, data, examples, or sources that support a claim. Evidence provides concrete proof to back up claims.
Flashcard 25: Identify the speaker’s main argument from this: “We must ban plastic bags to protect wildlife.”
Answer: Plastic bags should be banned to protect wildlife. The speaker advocates for a ban with environmental reasoning.
Flashcard 26: Which option is a reason (not evidence): “It saves time” or “A 2023 report found 15% faster”?
Answer: “It saves time.”. Reasons explain why; evidence provides specific data.
Flashcard 27: Identify the evidence type in: “Dr. Lee, a pediatrician, recommends 9 hours of sleep.”
Answer: Expert opinion (authority). Citing a medical professional provides authoritative support.
Flashcard 28: Which option best supports a claim with evidence: “Everyone knows it” or “A study found it helps”?
Answer: “A study found it helps.”. Studies provide verifiable data; "everyone knows" is vague.
Flashcard 29: Which question best checks support for a claim: “Is it interesting?” or “What proof supports it?”
Answer: “What proof supports it?”. This question directly asks for evidence or reasoning.
Flashcard 30: What does it mean to delineate a speaker’s argument?
Answer: To clearly outline the argument, claims, reasons, and evidence. Delineating means identifying and separating each component.