All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the particle-model reason a syringe of air can be compressed.
Answer: Gas particles have large spaces between them. Compression pushes particles into smaller spaces.
Flashcard 2: What happens to particle spacing when thermal energy (heat) is added?
Answer: Particles spread farther apart (expand). Faster particles need more space between them.
Flashcard 3: What happens to particle motion when thermal energy is removed (cooling)?
Answer: Particles move slower. Less thermal energy means less particle movement.
Flashcard 4: Identify the change of state when particles gain energy and a solid becomes a liquid.
Answer: Melting. Heat breaks particles free from fixed positions.
Flashcard 5: What is matter, in science, as used when modeling particles?
Answer: Anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume). Matter is physical substance with measurable properties.
Flashcard 6: What is a particle model of matter?
Answer: A model showing matter as tiny particles too small to see. Represents all matter as made of invisible, tiny particles.
Flashcard 7: What does the particle model say about the empty space in matter?
Answer: There is space between particles, even in solids. Particles don't touch; gaps exist in all matter.
Flashcard 8: Which state of matter has particles packed tightly in fixed positions?
Answer: Solid. Particles vibrate but can't change positions.
Flashcard 9: Identify the particle-model reason a solid keeps its shape in a container.
Answer: Particles are tightly packed and stay in fixed positions. Fixed particle arrangement maintains solid structure.
Flashcard 10: Identify the change of state when particles lose energy and a liquid becomes a solid.
Answer: Freezing. Cooling locks particles into fixed positions.
Flashcard 11: Identify the change of state when particles gain energy and a liquid becomes a gas.
Answer: Evaporation (or boiling). Heat gives particles energy to escape liquid bonds.
Flashcard 12: Identify the change of state when particles lose energy and a gas becomes a liquid.
Answer: Condensation. Cooling brings gas particles close enough to bond.
Flashcard 13: Which option best models diffusion: A) particles stay still B) particles spread out and mix?
Answer: B) particles spread out and mix. Diffusion requires particle movement and mixing.
Flashcard 14: Which state of matter has particles close together that slide past one another?
Answer: Liquid. Particles can flow while staying in contact.
Flashcard 15: Which state of matter has particles far apart and moving freely?
Answer: Gas. Particles have maximum space and freedom to move.
Flashcard 16: What is the main particle-motion difference between solids and liquids?
Answer: Solids vibrate in place; liquids move and slide past each other. Fixed vs. flowing positions distinguish these states.
Flashcard 17: What is the main particle-motion difference between liquids and gases?
Answer: Liquids stay close; gases spread out and move freely. Distance between particles defines these states.
Flashcard 18: Choose the best particle explanation for a perfume smell spreading across a room.
Answer: Gas particles move and spread out, mixing with air. Perfume molecules diffuse through air as gas particles.
Flashcard 19: What happens to particle speed when thermal energy (heat) is added?
Answer: Particles move faster. Heat energy increases particle kinetic energy.
Flashcard 20: Which state of matter has particles far apart and moving freely in all directions?
Answer: Gas. Particles have maximum kinetic energy and separation.
Flashcard 21: What does the particle model say about particle motion in all states of matter?
Answer: Particles are always moving. Even in solids, particles vibrate constantly.
Flashcard 22: Choose the model feature that best explains why a smell spreads across a room.
Answer: Gas particles move randomly and diffuse through space. Random motion spreads particles throughout available space.
Flashcard 23: Which statement best matches a solid model: definite shape, definite volume, or both?
Answer: Both definite shape and definite volume. Solid particles maintain fixed positions and volume.
Flashcard 24: Choose the model feature that best explains why gases are easy to compress.
Answer: Gas particles have large spaces between them. Empty space allows particles to be pushed closer.
Flashcard 25: Which change in a particle model best represents heating a substance?
Answer: Particles move faster and spread farther apart. Heat energy increases particle motion and separation.
Flashcard 26: Which statement best matches a gas model: definite shape, definite volume, or neither?
Answer: Neither definite shape nor definite volume. Gas particles fill any container completely.
Flashcard 27: Which statement best matches a liquid model: definite shape, definite volume, or both?
Answer: Definite volume but not definite shape. Liquids take container shape but maintain constant volume.
Flashcard 28: Identify the state: a model shows particles very close together in an orderly pattern.
Answer: Solid. Fixed, organized arrangement indicates solid state.
Flashcard 29: Which process is best modeled by particles spreading from high to low concentration?
Answer: Diffusion. Particles naturally move from crowded to less crowded areas.
Flashcard 30: What is meant by diffusion in the particle model?
Answer: Particles spread out and mix because they move randomly. Random motion causes particles to spread evenly.