This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Halloween is a holiday name that needs capitalization, and Jamal is a person's name that is a proper noun. Choice A is correct because it capitalizes Halloween (holiday) and Jamal (person's name) - holidays and names are always capitalized. Choice B represents missing capital on holiday, which occurs when students forget that holidays need capitals, such as 'halloween' should be Halloween. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Mrs. Chen is a title with a name that needs capitalization, while science is a school subject that should not be capitalized. Choice C is correct because it capitalizes Mrs. Chen (title with name) and keeps science lowercase (school subject, not a language). Choice D represents over-capitalizing school subjects, which occurs when students capitalize general subjects thinking they are like languages, such as 'Science' should be science unless it's a language like English. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Charlotte's Web is a book title where important words need capitalization. Choice A is correct because it capitalizes Charlotte's Web (title of book, capitalize important words) and keeps 'class' lowercase as a common noun. Choice B represents missing capitals on book title, which occurs when students forget to capitalize important words in titles, such as 'charlotte's web' should be Charlotte's Web. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, summer is a season that should not be capitalized. Choice B is correct because it does NOT capitalize summer (season) and capitalizes Carlos (person's name) and I (pronoun). Choice A represents over-capitalizing seasons, which occurs when students think seasons should be capitalized like months, such as 'Summer' should be summer (don't capitalize seasons). To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, north is a direction that should not be capitalized unless it's a region name. Choice C is correct because it does NOT capitalize north (direction) and capitalizes Keisha (person's name) and Texas (state). Choice A represents over-capitalizing directions, which occurs when students capitalize directions thinking they are like places, such as 'North' should be north unless it's a region name. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Emma is a person's name and Chicago, Illinois are places, which are proper nouns that need capitalization. Choice C is correct because it capitalizes Emma (person's name), Chicago (city), and Illinois (state) - all proper nouns are capitalized. Choice A represents missing capitals on names, which occurs when students forget that proper nouns need capitals, such as 'emma' should be Emma (capitalize names). To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Charlotte's Web is a book title that needs major words capitalized, including the first and last words and important nouns. Choice B is correct because it capitalizes Charlotte's Web (book title, with important words in uppercase), following the rule for titles where main words are capitalized but small words like 'of' or 'the' are not unless they start the title. Choice C represents missing capital on the title's first word, which occurs when students forget that titles follow specific capitalization rules; for example, charlotte's should be Charlotte's as the start of the title. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, I is the pronoun that always needs capitalization, and Spanish is a language that is capitalized as a proper noun. Choice C is correct because it capitalizes I (pronoun always capitalized) and Spanish (language), applying the rules for the special pronoun and languages. Choice B represents missing capital on the language, which occurs when students think languages are like general subjects and forget they are proper nouns; for example, spanish should be Spanish as it's a specific language name. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Monday is a day of the week and September is a month, both of which are proper nouns that need capital letters. Choice C is correct because it capitalizes Monday (day of the week) and September (month), following the rule that days and months are always capitalized. Choice B represents missing capital on the month, which occurs when students forget that months need uppercase letters like days; for example, september should be September as it's a specific month name. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?

This question tests CCSS.L.4.2.a: using correct capitalization. Students must know when to capitalize (proper nouns, first word of sentence, pronoun I) and when NOT to capitalize (common nouns, seasons, directions). Capitalization rules: (1) First word of every sentence, (2) Pronoun I (always), (3) People's names (Emma, Dr. Smith, Coach Rivera), (4) Places (cities: Chicago; states: Texas; countries: Mexico; landmarks: Grand Canyon; streets: Main Street), (5) Days of week and months (Monday, January), (6) Holidays (Thanksgiving, Halloween), (7) Titles of books/movies (Charlotte's Web, The Lion King - capitalize important words), (8) Languages (Spanish, English), (9) Nationalities (American, Chinese). DO NOT capitalize: seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), directions (north, south) unless region name (the South), general nouns (the city, a park - not specific names), school subjects (math, science) except languages (English). In this sentence, Maya is a person's name that needs capitalization, and 'We' is the first word of the dialogue that requires a capital letter, along with 'I' as the pronoun. Choice C is correct because it capitalizes Maya (person's name), We (first word of dialogue), and I (pronoun), following the rules for names, dialogue starts, and the pronoun I. Choice B represents missing capital on the name, which occurs when students forget that people's names are proper nouns; for example, maya should be Maya as it's a specific name. To help students: Create capitalization anchor chart with categories - ALWAYS capitalize: (1) first word of sentence, (2) pronoun I, (3) names of people (Emma, Mrs. Smith), (4) places (Chicago, Texas, Grand Canyon), (5) days/months (Monday, January), (6) holidays (Thanksgiving), (7) titles of works (Charlotte's Web). DO NOT capitalize: (1) seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), (2) directions (north, south) unless region/name, (3) general nouns (the city, a school), (4) family words with possessives (my mom, his dad). Practice identifying proper nouns vs common nouns - proper nouns name specific people/places/things (capitalize), common nouns are general categories (lowercase). Teach memory trick: 'If it's the official NAME of someone/something specific, capitalize it.' Watch for: not capitalizing names of people ('emma' → Emma), places ('chicago' → Chicago), days ('monday' → Monday); over-capitalizing seasons ('Spring' → spring), directions ('We went North' → north unless region name); forgetting to capitalize I ('my friend and i' → I); not capitalizing first word of sentence. Have students proofread their own writing specifically checking: Did I capitalize names? Days? Months? First word? Pronoun I?