This question tests 1st grade determiner usage (CCSS.L.1.1.h: Use determiners including articles and demonstratives). Determiners are small words that come before nouns. Articles are a, an, and the. We use 'a' before words that start with consonant sounds (a cat, a ball, a dog), 'an' before words that start with vowel sounds (an apple, an egg, an orange), and 'the' when talking about a specific thing (the cat we saw yesterday). Demonstratives are pointing words: 'this' (one thing, close), 'that' (one thing, far away), 'these' (more than one, close), 'those' (more than one, far away). The sentence uses 'those' before 'shoes.' This pointing word tells us the 'shoes' are far and there is more than one. Choice C is correct because we use 'those' for more than one thing that is far away, matching 'are there.' Choice B represents the wrong demonstrative error. Students make this error because they confuse singular demonstratives (this/that) with plural (these/those) or near/far. To help students: For a vs an, practice listening: SAY the phrase out loud - 'a apple' sounds wrong, 'an apple' sounds right. Create sound-based lists: 'a' before b, c, d sounds and 'an' before a, e, i, o, u sounds. For the vs a/an, act out: 'I want A book' (grab any book), 'I want THE book' (point to specific book). For demonstratives, use physical distance: hold object 'THIS ball,' point across room 'THAT ball,' hold multiple objects 'THESE balls,' point to multiple across room 'THOSE balls.'

We are finding special words. The word 'the' comes right before 'ball'. It tells us which ball Jamal kicks.

We are finding special words. The word 'a' comes right before 'book'. It tells us Chen reads one book.

We use 'a' or 'an' before things. We say 'an egg' because egg starts with a vowel sound. Always use 'an' before vowel sounds.

We use 'a' or 'an' before things. We say 'an apple' because apple starts with a vowel sound. Use 'an' before vowel sounds.

We need a word before 'book'. We use 'a' because book starts with a consonant sound. Say 'a book' not 'an book'.

We need a word before 'orange'. We use 'an' because orange starts with a vowel sound. Say 'an orange' not 'a orange'.

We are finding special words. The word 'an' comes right before 'egg'. We use 'an' with vowel sounds.

We are finding special words. The word 'a' comes right before 'dog'. It tells us about one dog.

We're finding special words before things. The word 'a' comes before 'dog'. It tells us about one dog.