5th Grade Science › Physical Science
What answer choice(s) is the benefit of using a scientific model?
Models can be used to generate new questions.
All of the answer choices are correct.
Models can be used as a tool to support thinking.
Models are tools that scientists can use to predict events.
None of the answer choices are correct.
A scientific model can be used a show scientists' understanding of an object, event, or process. Models can be used to generate new questions, used as a tool to support thinking, and models are tools that scientists can use to predict events.
Dani is learning about plant growth. She places a seedling on a damp paper towel. The seedling is on its side. She puts the paper towel on a sunny windowsill. Which sentence best describes how the plant will grow?
The roots will grow upwards due to gravity.
The roots will grow downwards due to gravity.
The roots will grow towards the light.
The roots will grow towards the paper towel.
Gravity on earth pulls objects downward toward the ground. Rain is a good example: the clouds don't "throw" the rain to the ground, but instead, when there is so much water that it gets heavy for the cloud to hold, the water then falls to the ground because of gravity. In this example, the roots will grow downwards because of gravity. Geotropism is the influence of gravity on plant growth or movement. "Geo" means earth or ground, and "tropism" means a plant movement triggered by a stimulus. In this case, the stimulus is gravity. Roots explore the soil looking for water and nutrients to absorb.
Which of these students is doing a demonstration that proves matter is made of tiny particles we cannot see?
Monica
Monica and Deontay
Celeste
Celeste and Deontay
Deontay
The answer is Monica because she is moving more matter (tiny particles) into a balloon and even though we cannot see them, we can see how the balloon gets larger. Deontay is correct that he could keep breaking things apart, but he has a hypothesis and is not conducting an experiment or a demonstration. Celeste's project is about photosynthesis.
Matter is anything that takes up space. Matter is in the form of solid, liquid, or gas. Solids, liquids, and gases are made of tiny particles called atoms and molecules. In a solid, the particles are very attracted to each other. They are close together and vibrate in position but don’t move past one another. In a liquid, the particles are attracted to each other but not as much as they are in a solid. The particles of a liquid are close together, always moving, and can slide past one another. In a gas, the particles have very little attraction to each other. They are very far apart compared to the particles in a solid or liquid, and are constantly moving. The particles don’t interact with one another but just hit and bounce off of each other when they collide.
Which of these terms is a measurement of how much matter is in an object?
Mass
Size
Volume
Weight
Mass is the measurement of how much matter is in an object. The Law of Conservation of Matter says that matter stays the same, even when matter changes form. Sometimes it may seem that matter disappears during a science experiment, but this law tells us that matter cannot magically appear or disappear; it merely changes from one form to another. This means that the mass does not change. If I find the mass of a whole cookie and then break it up and put all of the pieces back on the scale, the mass will be the same because the matter has been conserved.
What is a mixture?
A combination of two or more substances
The one thing that will be changed to be tested in the experiment
A controlled condition where variables are explored to determine an outcome
A measure of the total area that the surface of an object occupies
A mixture is when two or more substances are combined to create something new. The substances can remain separate like a salad or trail mix, but still, something new is formed. Another type of mixture is a solution when one substance dissolves into another like salt being stirred into water.
Dani is learning about plant growth. She places a seedling on a damp paper towel. The seedling is on its side. She puts the paper towel on a sunny windowsill. Which sentence best describes how the plant will grow?
The roots will grow upwards due to gravity.
The roots will grow downwards due to gravity.
The roots will grow towards the light.
The roots will grow towards the paper towel.
Gravity on earth pulls objects downward toward the ground. Rain is a good example: the clouds don't "throw" the rain to the ground, but instead, when there is so much water that it gets heavy for the cloud to hold, the water then falls to the ground because of gravity. In this example, the roots will grow downwards because of gravity. Geotropism is the influence of gravity on plant growth or movement. "Geo" means earth or ground, and "tropism" means a plant movement triggered by a stimulus. In this case, the stimulus is gravity. Roots explore the soil looking for water and nutrients to absorb.
What answer choice(s) is the benefit of using a scientific model?
Models can be used to generate new questions.
All of the answer choices are correct.
Models can be used as a tool to support thinking.
Models are tools that scientists can use to predict events.
None of the answer choices are correct.
A scientific model can be used a show scientists' understanding of an object, event, or process. Models can be used to generate new questions, used as a tool to support thinking, and models are tools that scientists can use to predict events.
Which of the following best describes how a carnivore gets energy from the sun.
A grizzly bear sleeps all winter when it is mostly dark and cold outside, and then is active all summer when the weather is nicer.
A shark prefers to hunt in warmer water where seals and sea lions go in winter to give birth to their young.
A plant uses photosynthesis to get its energy from the sun, and then a deer gets its energy by eating the plant. Then when a wolf eats the deer, it receives energy from the deer.
Lions do much of their hunting at sunrise when nocturnal animals are ending their day and other animals are just getting their day started.
Photosynthesis is the way in which plants convert the sun's energy into their own energy. And since animals get their energy from food, when an animal eats a plant it gets its plant-based energy indirectly from the sun, because that's how the plant itself got energy. Then when a carnivore eats a plant-eating animal, the carnivore gets energy from the herbivore, who got its energy from the plant, which got it from the sun. So even meat-eaters indirectly get their energy from the sun.
Which statement about the flow of energy in an ecosystem is correct?
Energy flows from the Sun to consumers.
Energy flows from the Sun to decomposers.
Energy flows from the Sun to producers.
Energy does not flow from the Sun.
All nutritional energy comes from the Sun: plants use chlorophyll to photosynthesize the Sun's energy into plant energy, and then animals either feed on plants for that energy or they feed on the animals that have eaten that plant energy. The food chain begins with the Sun and then the energy flows to producers.
The diagram below shows an example of a food chain.
grass → caterpillar → frog → bass → osprey
Which conclusion can be made from this food chain?
The bass creates all of its own energy.
The bass transfers some of its energy to the osprey.
The caterpillar transfers all of its energy to the frog.
The caterpillar transfers some of its energy to the grass.
The diagram presented is a typical food chain showing how energy flows from one organism to another. This food chain starts with grass, and when it is eaten, it passes energy to the consumer; in this case, it is a caterpillar. When the caterpillar is eaten, its energy is given to the frog and so on until it reaches the final consumer, the osprey. The cycle starts over again when the osprey passes, and decomposers break down the matter. So the conclusion that can be made from this food chain is that the caterpillar transfers all of its energy to the frog.