Cell Biology

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AP Biology › Cell Biology

Questions 1 - 10
1

When cells send a signal, it is often in the form of a secreted molecule. In some cases, a cell will secrete a molecule that binds to a receptor on its own cell surface. What type of signaling is this?

Autocrine

Paracrine

Endocrine

Exocrine

Explanation

When a molecule binds to a receptor on a cell surface, it means that a signal has been received by that cell. In this case, the cell that sent the signal is the same cell that is receiving the signal. Autocrine signaling is the term that describes a cell sending a signal to itself ("auto" in this context means self). Exocrine signaling occurs when a substance is secreted through a gland or duct. Endocrine signaling occurs when a substance is secreted into the bloodstream. Paracrine signaling occurs when a cell sends a signal to nearby cells (often to change the behavior or properties of those cells).

2

The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of                     .

chitin

cellulose

peptidoglycan

glycogen

carboxypeptidase

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

3

The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of                     .

chitin

cellulose

peptidoglycan

glycogen

carboxypeptidase

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

4

Which of the following organisms undergo photosynthesis?

I. Blue-green algae

II. Cyanobacteria

III. Ferns

I, II, and III

III only

I and III only

II and III only

I and II only

Explanation

While the photosynthetic process differs slightly among these organisms, cyanobacteria, algae, and ferns (along with all other plants) all undergo photosynthesis-the process of using sunlight to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water.

5

Which of the following organisms undergo photosynthesis?

I. Blue-green algae

II. Cyanobacteria

III. Ferns

I, II, and III

III only

I and III only

II and III only

I and II only

Explanation

While the photosynthetic process differs slightly among these organisms, cyanobacteria, algae, and ferns (along with all other plants) all undergo photosynthesis-the process of using sunlight to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water.

6

For each molecule of glucose, how many ATP are produced by the Citric Acid Cycle?

2 ATP

1 ATP

4 ATP

3 ATP

6 ATP

Explanation

Each molecule of glucose produces 2 pyruvate molecules. Each of these pyruvate molecules go through the citric acid cycle and produce 1 ATP each, resulting in 2 ATP total.

7

For each molecule of glucose, how many ATP are produced by the Citric Acid Cycle?

2 ATP

1 ATP

4 ATP

3 ATP

6 ATP

Explanation

Each molecule of glucose produces 2 pyruvate molecules. Each of these pyruvate molecules go through the citric acid cycle and produce 1 ATP each, resulting in 2 ATP total.

8

The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of                     .

chitin

cellulose

peptidoglycan

glycogen

carboxypeptidase

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

9

The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of                     .

chitin

cellulose

peptidoglycan

glycogen

carboxypeptidase

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

10

The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of                     .

chitin

cellulose

peptidoglycan

glycogen

carboxypeptidase

Explanation

Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.

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