SAT Math › How to factor an equation
Factor the following equation.
x2 – 16
(x + 4)(x + 4)
(x – 4)(x – 4)
(x + 4)(x – 4)
(x)(x – 4)
(x2)(4 – 2)
The correct answer is (x + 4)(x – 4)
We neen to factor x2 – 16 to solve. We know that each parenthesis will contain an x to make the x2. We know that the root of 16 is 4 and since it is negative and no value of x is present we can tell that one 4 must be positive and the other negative. If we work it from the multiple choice answers we will see that when multiplying it out we get x2 + 4x – 4x – 16. 4x – 4x cancels out and we are left with our answer.
if x – y = 4 and x2 – y = 34, what is x?
12
9
15
6
10
This can be solved by substitution and factoring.
x2 – y = 34 can be written as y = x2 – 34 and substituted into the other equation: x – y = 4 which leads to x – x2 + 34 = 4 which can be written as x2 – x – 30 = 0.
x2 – x – 30 = 0 can be factored to (x – 6)(x + 5) = 0 so x = 6 and –5 and because only 6 is a possible answer, it is the correct choice.
If x_2 + 2_ax + 81 = 0. When a = 9, what is the value of x?
0
3
9
–9
–18
When a = 9, then x_2 + 2_ax + 81 = 0 becomes
x_2 + 18_x + 81 = 0.
This equation can be factored as (x + 9)2 = 0.
Therefore when a = 9, x = –9.
Solve for a.
No solution
The expression can be factored.
We must find two numbers that added together equal -7, and multiplied together equal 60. Those two numbers are -12 and 5.
Now we can set both terms equal to zero and solve for a.
,
Factor .
Cannot be factored
First pull out any common terms: 4_x_3 – 16_x_ = 4_x_(_x_2 – 4)
_x_2 – 4 is a difference of squares, so we can also factor that further. The difference of squares formula is _a_2 – _b_2 = (a – b)(a + b). Here a = x and b = 2. So _x_2 – 4 = (x – 2)(x + 2).
Putting everything together, 4_x_3 – 16_x_ = 4_x_(x + 2)(x – 2).
Factor 36_x_2 – 49_y_2.
(6_x_ + 7_y_)(6_x_ – 7_y_)
(6_x_ + 7_y_)(6_x_ + 7_y_)
(6_x_ – 7_y_)(6_x_ – 7_y_)
6_x_2 – 7_y_2
cannot be factored
This is a difference of squares. The difference of squares formula is a_2 – b_2 = (a + b)(a – b). In this problem, a = 6_x and b = 7_y.
So 36_x_2 – 49_y_2 = (6_x_ + 7_y_)(6_x_ – 7_y_).
Solve for x:
Find two numbers that add to and multiply to
Factors of
You can use
Then make each factor equal 0.
and
and
If f(x) has roots at x = –1, 0 and 2, which of the following could be the equation for f(x)?
f(x) = x2 + x – 2
f(x) = x2 – x – 2
f(x) = x3 – x2 + 2x
f(x) = x3 – x2 – 2x
f(x) = x4 + x3 – 2x2
In general, if a function has a root at x = r, then (x – r) must be a factor of f(x). In this problem, we are told that f(x) has roots at –1, 0 and 2. This means that the following are all factors of f(x):
(x – (–1)) = x + 1
(x – 0) = x
and (x – 2).
This means that we must look for an equation for f(x) that has the factors (x + 1), x, and (x – 2).
We can immediately eliminate the function f(x) = _x_2 + x – 2, because we cannot factor an x out of this polynomial. For the same reason, we can eliminate f(x) = _x_2 – x – 2.
Let's look at the function f(x) = _x_3 – x_2 + 2_x. When we factor this, we are left with x(_x_2 – x + 2). We cannot factor this polynomial any further. Thus, x + 1 and x – 2 are not factors of this function, so it can't be the answer.
Next, let's examine f(x) = _x_4 + _x_3 – 2_x_2 .
We can factor out _x_2.
_x_2 (_x_2 + x – 2)
When we factor _x_2 + x – 2, we will get (x + 2)(x – 1). These factors are not the same as x – 2 and x + 1.
The only function with the right factors is f(x) = _x_3 – x_2 – 2_x.
When we factor out an x, we get (_x_2 – x – 2), which then factors into (x – 2)(x + 1). Thus, this function has all of the factors we need.
The answer is f(x) = _x_3 – x_2 – 2_x.
Find the roots of
Factoring yields giving roots of
and
.
Find the root of the equation above.
The numerator can be factored into .
Therefore, it can cancel with the denominator. So imples
.