Inferences & Claims From Statistics - SAT Math
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A company reports customer satisfaction improved, based on voluntary survey responses. What’s the flaw?
A company reports customer satisfaction improved, based on voluntary survey responses. What’s the flaw?
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Voluntary response bias; only strongly opinionated customers responded.
Voluntary response bias; only strongly opinionated customers responded.
A company reports that its new tutoring app improved scores in students who used it. There was no control group. What’s the flaw?
A company reports that its new tutoring app improved scores in students who used it. There was no control group. What’s the flaw?
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No comparison group; improvement could be due to other factors.
No comparison group; improvement could be due to other factors.
A political campaign only surveys its supporters about policy approval. What’s the flaw?
A political campaign only surveys its supporters about policy approval. What’s the flaw?
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Sample is biased and unrepresentative of the full population.
Sample is biased and unrepresentative of the full population.
A poll finds 60% favor a policy with a margin of error ±5%. What’s the plausible range of support?
A poll finds 60% favor a policy with a margin of error ±5%. What’s the plausible range of support?
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Between 55% and 65%.
Between 55% and 65%.
A social media post claims 'ice cream sales cause drowning deaths' since both rise in summer. What’s the flaw?
A social media post claims 'ice cream sales cause drowning deaths' since both rise in summer. What’s the flaw?
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Lurking variable (season): both increase because of warmer weather.
Lurking variable (season): both increase because of warmer weather.
A study claims a tutoring method works better based on only 8 students. What’s the flaw?
A study claims a tutoring method works better based on only 8 students. What’s the flaw?
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Sample size too small for reliable inference.
Sample size too small for reliable inference.
A survey of 20 mall shoppers found that 90% prefer brand X. The company claims '90% of Americans prefer brand X.' What’s the flaw?
A survey of 20 mall shoppers found that 90% prefer brand X. The company claims '90% of Americans prefer brand X.' What’s the flaw?
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The sample is too small and not representative of all Americans.
The sample is too small and not representative of all Americans.
An advertisement claims, 'Four out of five dentists recommend our toothpaste.' What’s a possible flaw?
An advertisement claims, 'Four out of five dentists recommend our toothpaste.' What’s a possible flaw?
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Sample source unclear; could be biased or too small.
Sample source unclear; could be biased or too small.
Define population in a statistical study.
Define population in a statistical study.
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The entire group of individuals about which information is desired.
The entire group of individuals about which information is desired.
Define sample.
Define sample.
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A subset of the population used to gather information.
A subset of the population used to gather information.
What is a random sample?
What is a random sample?
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Every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.
Why can small samples be misleading?
Why can small samples be misleading?
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They show higher variability and are less likely to represent the population.
They show higher variability and are less likely to represent the population.