Carbohydrates

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AP Biology › Carbohydrates

Questions 1 - 10
1

Carbohydrates represent important macromolecules in the biochemical pathways of many organisms.

Which of the following is/are monosaccharide(s)?

I. Glucose
II. Fructose
III. Maltose

I and II

I only

I and III

II and III

I, II, and III

Explanation

Glucose and fructose are monomeric saccharides, or monosaccharides. The carbon to hydrogen to oxygen ratio exists in a 1:2:1 pattern indicative of a monomeric saccharide. The molecular formula of glucose and fructose is . Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose.

2

Polysaccharides are considered sugar moieties that include 3 or more monomeric saccharides together.

Which of the following is/are polysaccharide(s)?

I. Glycogen
II. Starch
III. Cellulose

I, II, and III

I only

I and II

I and III

II and III

Explanation

Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are all polysaccharides composed of many glucose monomers linked together.

3

In which of the following molecular forms do animals store energy?

Lipids and glycogen

Lipids only

Glycogen only

Glycogen and peptidoglycan

Peptidoglycan only

Explanation

Both lipids (fat) and glycogen (made up of glucose molecules) store energy in animals. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage while glycogen, found in the liver and muscles, is used for short-term energy storage. Peptidoglycan is the molecule that makes up the bacterial cell walls.

4

Polysaccharides are considered sugar moieties that include 3 or more monomeric saccharides together.

Which of the following is/are polysaccharide(s)?

I. Glycogen
II. Starch
III. Cellulose

I, II, and III

I only

I and II

I and III

II and III

Explanation

Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are all polysaccharides composed of many glucose monomers linked together.

5

Polysaccharides are considered sugar moieties that include 3 or more monomeric saccharides together.

Which of the following is/are polysaccharide(s)?

I. Glycogen
II. Starch
III. Cellulose

I, II, and III

I only

I and II

I and III

II and III

Explanation

Glycogen, starch, and cellulose are all polysaccharides composed of many glucose monomers linked together.

6

In which of the following molecular forms do animals store energy?

Lipids and glycogen

Lipids only

Glycogen only

Glycogen and peptidoglycan

Peptidoglycan only

Explanation

Both lipids (fat) and glycogen (made up of glucose molecules) store energy in animals. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage while glycogen, found in the liver and muscles, is used for short-term energy storage. Peptidoglycan is the molecule that makes up the bacterial cell walls.

7

In which of the following molecular forms do animals store energy?

Lipids and glycogen

Lipids only

Glycogen only

Glycogen and peptidoglycan

Peptidoglycan only

Explanation

Both lipids (fat) and glycogen (made up of glucose molecules) store energy in animals. Lipids are used for long-term energy storage while glycogen, found in the liver and muscles, is used for short-term energy storage. Peptidoglycan is the molecule that makes up the bacterial cell walls.

8

Carbohydrates represent important macromolecules in the biochemical pathways of many organisms.

Which of the following is/are monosaccharide(s)?

I. Glucose
II. Fructose
III. Maltose

I and II

I only

I and III

II and III

I, II, and III

Explanation

Glucose and fructose are monomeric saccharides, or monosaccharides. The carbon to hydrogen to oxygen ratio exists in a 1:2:1 pattern indicative of a monomeric saccharide. The molecular formula of glucose and fructose is . Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose.

9

Carbohydrates represent important macromolecules in the biochemical pathways of many organisms.

Which of the following is/are monosaccharide(s)?

I. Glucose
II. Fructose
III. Maltose

I and II

I only

I and III

II and III

I, II, and III

Explanation

Glucose and fructose are monomeric saccharides, or monosaccharides. The carbon to hydrogen to oxygen ratio exists in a 1:2:1 pattern indicative of a monomeric saccharide. The molecular formula of glucose and fructose is . Maltose is a disaccharide composed of two molecules of glucose.

10

Disaccharides, such as maltose, are produced when two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis reaction.

Which of the following formulas represents a disaccharide?

Explanation

The disaccharide maltose is formed by the dehydration synthesis reaction of two glucose monomers. When simply adding the two glucose monomers together, it may be thought that the summation of the two will be the chemical formula of maltose. However, this does not account for the dehydration synthesis reaction in which one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms disappear. After accounting for these molecules the chemical formula for maltose will be represented by .

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