PSAT Critical Reading › Style, Intensity, and Connotation in One-Blank Sentences
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Although the Gutenberg press revolutionized the world of book sales, some monasteries continued to produce __________ by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting for some time.
manuscripts
codices
scrolls
papyri
tomes
The key phrase here is “by the old-fashioned methods of handwriting.” Works that are “handwritten” are called “manuscripts,” a word that literally means “hand-written.” The “manu-” portion is found in English words like “manual” and “manicure,” from the Latin roots for “hand.” “Script,” clearly comes from root meanings related to writing, as is obvious from other related English words such as “scribe,” “subscription,” and “prescription.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
After suffering countless defeats, the football team was utterly __________, to the point of no longer hoping for victories in the coming season.
despondent
dejected
sober
stoical
resigned
In contrast to the other words given as possible answers, being “despondent” implies lack of hope—not merely disappointment or emotional detachment. This is called for by the key phrase, “to the point of no longer hoping for . . .”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
After many failures, it is often difficult to believe that success is on the __________; nevertheless, one should slog on with high hopes of success.
horizon
brink
plan
regimen
itinerary
The tone of this sentence is somewhat informal, so bear this in mind when making and confirming your choice. The expression "slog on" means to work hard or to work diligently. This second half intends to say that someone should continue to work hard in the hopes that success may indeed be "at hand." To say that something is "on the horizon" means that it is "nearly here." The horizon is the farthest edge of our view, where the sky meets the ground. Therefore, the expression, "on the horizon" means "almost going to appear"—like the sun appearing on the horizon. This fits well with the first half of the sentence.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Filbert would often intone the latest __________ that he had written for the worship at his monastery.
canticle
song
aria
epistle
incantation
Although the other “music-related” words perhaps are tempting, “canticle” is the best, given that it has particular associations with church music. It comes from a base that is similar to that found in “cantor” (singer, particularly leading a church service), “cantata,” and “incantation.” All of these words are variously related to the Latin “cantare,” meaning to sing.
Choose the word that best completes the following sentence.
Many misinterpreted Thomas’ __________ gait as a mark of total complacency and laziness.
sauntering
paced
sober
inconsistent
limping
The two key words are “complacency” and “laziness.” This implies a particular slowness and lack of effort. When one “saunters,” he or she walks in a slow and somewhat lazy manner—as on a slow walk down the trail.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
The servant filled the ___________ with hot water and took the vessel into the dining room for the pre-meal hand washing.
laver
jug
chalice
bowl
basin
When you encounter a sentence like this where multiple options seem identical, it is necessary to look for the option that best fits the specific case of our sentence. The vessel that we are looking for is to be used for hand washing, so “laver” is the best option. A laver is a vessel used for containing water for washing. It is related to words like “lavatory” and “latrine,” as well as “lotion.”
Choose the word that best completes the following sentence.
Although the story was an enjoyable read on the whole, it was often rather __________ in portraying eighteenth-century characters often with manners more akin to those of the mid-nineteenth century.
anachronistic
imprecise
loose
ridiculous
ambiguous
If something is “anachronistic,” it does not really belong in its given time period. Sometimes, the adjective can merely mean that something is old-fashioned, but it often is used to indicate the situation when someone describes something in one time period according to the customs or historical contingencies of another period. The prefix “ana-” comes from the Greek preposition meaning “backward” (among other things). The familiar “-chronistic” comes from the Greek word for time and has familiar English derivatives (such as “chronological”).
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
The author’s well known and epic __________ was written over a period of eighteen years amid the terrors and displacements of the Second World War.
opus
poem
novel
saga
chronicle
The word “opus” is directly derived from the Latin word for work, and while its English usage often implies a musical work, it can more broadly indicate any artistic work, particularly one that is very large and involved. The word “opus” in Latin has a forms containing the base “oper-”, found in English words like “opera” and “operate.”
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
Her new dress was a __________ violation of the school’s dress code, with multiple elements that were completely prohibited.
minor
flagrant
just
fair
evenhanded
The seriousness of the violations (multiple elements), and the sense of the violation, lead to a need for a word indicating seriousness and even extremity. "Just," "evenhanded," and "fair" are too positive, while "minor" does not convey the seriousness meant by the sentence.
Choose the word or set of words that best completes the following sentence.
David’s family knew that the garage was his __________, where he could be alone to work or merely to think while pretending to do so.
sanctum
space
environment
workshop
atelier
Since the garage was a quiet, somewhat “protected” space for David, it is best called a “sanctum” for him. The word literally means “holy place,” coming from Latin roots that are found in “sanctify” and “sanctuary.” When it is not used in a religious sense, the term means a private place reserved for a limited number of people. Somewhat often it is combined with “inner” in the expression “inner sanctum,” implying that the given area is more deeply “inside” a location, leaving the “outer” areas for those who are not welcomed into the sanctum.