All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the organelle that functions like a "control center" in a cell model.
Answer: Nucleus. Contains DNA that regulates all cell activities.
Flashcard 2: What is the primary function of the cell membrane in a cell model?
Answer: Controls what enters and leaves the cell. Acts as a selective barrier using its phospholipid bilayer structure.
Flashcard 3: What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in a cell model?
Answer: Jelly-like fluid that holds organelles and supports reactions. Provides a medium for chemical reactions and molecular transport.
Flashcard 4: What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell model?
Answer: Stores DNA and directs cell activities. Contains genetic material that controls all cellular functions.
Flashcard 5: What is the primary function of the nucleolus in a cell model?
Answer: Makes ribosomes. Dense region within nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Flashcard 6: What is the primary function of ribosomes in a cell model?
Answer: Build proteins. Link amino acids together following mRNA instructions.
Flashcard 7: What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell model?
Answer: Produce ATP energy by cellular respiration. Break down glucose to generate usable energy for the cell.
Flashcard 8: What is the primary function of chloroplasts in a cell model?
Answer: Use sunlight to make sugars by photosynthesis. Contain chlorophyll to capture light energy for glucose production.
Flashcard 9: What is the primary function of the cell wall in a cell model?
Answer: Provides rigid support and protection outside the membrane. Made of cellulose in plants, gives structural strength.
Flashcard 10: What is the primary function of the vacuole in a cell model?
Answer: Stores water, nutrients, and wastes; helps plant turgor. Large in plant cells, maintains pressure for cell rigidity.
Flashcard 11: What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell model?
Answer: Digest and recycle wastes and worn-out cell parts. Contain digestive enzymes that break down cellular debris.
Flashcard 12: What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell model?
Answer: Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins for transport. Receives proteins from ER and prepares them for export.
Flashcard 13: What is the primary function of vesicles in a cell model?
Answer: Carry materials within the cell or to the cell membrane. Small membrane sacs that transport substances between organelles.
Flashcard 14: What is the primary function of centrioles in a cell model of an animal cell?
Answer: Help organize cell division by moving chromosomes. Form spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during mitosis.
Flashcard 15: Identify the organelle that functions like a "power plant" in a cell model.
Answer: Mitochondrion. Has double membrane and produces ATP through respiration.
Flashcard 16: Identify the organelle that functions like a "protein factory" in a cell model.
Answer: Ribosome. Site of protein synthesis using genetic instructions.
Flashcard 17: Which option best matches a cell model: "packaging and shipping center"?
Answer: Golgi apparatus. Modifies and packages proteins like a shipping department.
Flashcard 18: Which option best matches a cell model: "storage tank that helps plant firmness"?
Answer: Central vacuole. Large vacuole in plants stores water to maintain turgor pressure.
Flashcard 19: What is the primary function of the cell wall in a cell model?
Answer: Provides rigid support and protection. Made of cellulose in plants, gives shape and prevents bursting.
Flashcard 20: What is the primary function of chloroplasts in a cell model?
Answer: Uses sunlight to make sugar by photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll to capture light energy for glucose production.
Flashcard 21: Which cell part is best modeled as a “solar panel” that captures light to make sugar?
Answer: Chloroplast. Converts light energy to chemical energy like solar panels to electricity.
Flashcard 22: Which cell part is best modeled as a “post office” that packages and ships materials?
Answer: Golgi apparatus. Processes and labels proteins for delivery like mail sorting.
Flashcard 23: Which cell part is best modeled as a “power plant” that releases usable energy?
Answer: Mitochondria. Converts chemical energy into ATP like a power plant generates electricity.
Flashcard 24: What is the primary function of mitochondria in a cell model?
Answer: Releases energy by cellular respiration. Breaks down glucose to produce ATP, the cell's energy currency.
Flashcard 25: Which cell part is best modeled as a “security gate” controlling entry and exit?
Answer: Cell membrane. Its selective permeability controls molecular traffic like a gate.
Flashcard 26: What is the primary function of the cytoplasm in a cell model?
Answer: Jelly-like fluid that holds organelles and supports reactions. Provides the aqueous environment where cellular processes occur.
Flashcard 27: What is the primary function of the nucleus in a cell model?
Answer: Controls cell activities and stores DNA. Contains genetic material that directs all cellular functions.
Flashcard 28: What is the primary function of nucleolus in a cell model?
Answer: Makes ribosomes. Dense region within nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Flashcard 29: What is the primary function of lysosomes in a cell model?
Answer: Breaks down food, wastes, and old cell parts. Contains digestive enzymes to recycle cellular materials.
Flashcard 30: What is the primary function of the large central vacuole in plant cells?
Answer: Stores water and helps maintain turgor pressure. Pushes against cell wall to keep plant cells firm and upright.