All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is internal migration?
Answer: Movement of people within the same country. Includes moves between states, cities, or regions domestically.
Flashcard 2: What is the net migration rate formula using immigrants and emigrants?
Answer: Net migration rate =populationI−E×1000. Measures net population change from migration per 1000 residents.
Flashcard 3: What is the definition of immigration in demography and population studies?
Answer: Movement into a new country or region to reside there. Focuses on entering and establishing residence in a new country.
Flashcard 4: What is an asylum seeker in the context of forced migration?
Answer: A person requesting refugee protection whose claim is not yet decided. Status remains temporary until refugee determination is complete.
Flashcard 5: What is voluntary migration?
Answer: Movement chosen by the individual (often for work or family). Motivated by personal goals without external compulsion.
Flashcard 6: What is a remittance in the context of migration?
Answer: Money sent by migrants to individuals in their origin country. Financial transfers supporting families in home countries.
Flashcard 7: What is the definition of brain drain?
Answer: Emigration of highly skilled workers from the origin country. Loss of talent harms origin country's development.
Flashcard 8: What is the definition of brain gain?
Answer: Increase in skilled workers in a country due to immigration/return. Benefits receiving country through talent acquisition.
Flashcard 9: Identify the net migration when 120,000 immigrate and 95,000 emigrate.
Answer: Net migration =25,000. Immigration minus emigration: 120,000−95,000=25,000.
Flashcard 10: What is the definition of a pull factor in migration?
Answer: A condition that attracts people to a destination area. Positive factors that draw people toward a new location.
Flashcard 11: What is chain migration?
Answer: Migration driven by social ties to earlier migrants. Family/friends already there facilitate subsequent migration.
Flashcard 12: What is the definition of a diaspora?
Answer: A dispersed population maintaining ties to a shared homeland. Communities spread globally but connected to common origin.
Flashcard 13: What is acculturation in the context of immigration?
Answer: Adopting aspects of a new culture while retaining original culture. Blends new cultural elements without losing original identity.
Flashcard 14: What is assimilation in the context of immigration?
Answer: Adopting the host culture with reduced distinct original culture. Original culture diminishes as host culture is fully adopted.
Flashcard 15: Which option is the correct formula for net migration rate (NMR)?
Answer: NMR=midyear populationI−E×1000. Rate per 1000 population using immigration minus emigration.
Flashcard 16: Identify the migration type: moving from a rural area to a city for work.
Answer: Rural-to-urban internal migration. Movement within country from less to more urbanized areas.
Flashcard 17: What is the definition of a push factor in migration?
Answer: A condition that motivates people to leave an origin area. Negative factors that drive people away from their current location.
Flashcard 18: What is the definition of international migration?
Answer: Movement of people across national borders. Contrasts with internal migration by crossing country boundaries.
Flashcard 19: What is the definition of internal migration?
Answer: Movement of people within the same country. Distinguishes from international by staying within national borders.
Flashcard 20: What is the definition of emigration in population movement?
Answer: Movement of people out of a country to reside elsewhere. Emphasizes leaving one's country to live in another.
Flashcard 21: What is the definition of immigration in population movement?
Answer: Movement of people into a new country to reside there. Focuses on entering and settling in a new country permanently.
Flashcard 22: What is the definition of a refugee under international protection norms?
Answer: Person fleeing persecution with a well-founded fear of harm. Legal status requires proving risk of persecution.
Flashcard 23: What is multiculturalism as an approach to immigration?
Answer: Coexistence of multiple cultures with preservation of differences. Promotes maintaining distinct cultural identities in society.
Flashcard 24: What is the definition of an asylum seeker?
Answer: Person requesting legal protection as a refugee in another country. Status pending while refugee claim is evaluated.
Flashcard 25: What is the definition of an internally displaced person (IDP)?
Answer: Person forced to flee home but remaining within their country. Differs from refugees by not crossing international borders.
Flashcard 26: What is biculturalism?
Answer: Comfortable identification with both origin and host cultures. Maintains dual cultural competence without conflict between identities.
Flashcard 27: What is a forced migrant?
Answer: Person compelled to move due to threats such as war or disaster. Includes refugees and those fleeing natural disasters or extreme poverty.
Flashcard 28: What is a voluntary migrant?
Answer: Person who moves primarily by choice (often for work or education). Contrasts with forced migration; person has agency in decision to relocate.
Flashcard 29: What is an asylum seeker?
Answer: Person requesting refugee protection; claim not yet adjudicated. Status remains uncertain until authorities determine if refugee criteria are met.
Flashcard 30: What is a refugee?
Answer: Person fleeing persecution, conflict, or violence across borders. Protected under international law; cannot return home due to fear of harm.