Basic Concepts
In a nutshell: Research methods and ethics ensure social science findings are reliable and respectful.
## How We Study People: Methods and Morals
Discovering new knowledge about social and behavioral sciences relies on robust research methods and ethical principles.
### Types of Research
- **Experimental:** Manipulates variables to establish cause and effect.
- **Observational:** Watches subjects in natural or controlled settings.
- **Surveys and Interviews:** Collects data via questions or conversations.
### Key Ethical Principles
- **Informed Consent:** Participants must know what they're agreeing to.
- **Confidentiality:** Protecting participant privacy.
- **Minimizing Harm:** Ensuring well-being during studies.
### Importance for the MCAT
Understanding these concepts is crucial for interpreting scientific articles and evaluating the validity of research.
Examples
- A study on memory uses a double-blind experimental design to avoid bias.
- Researchers must keep patient information confidential when publishing results.