Reaction Kinetics - MCAT Physical
Card 0 of 315
In any given reaction, the rate-determining step __________.
In any given reaction, the rate-determining step __________.
Reaction rates, including the rate-determining step, can be altered with a change in conditions. This includes a change in temperature, a change in pressure, or the addition of a catalyst.
Reaction rates, including the rate-determining step, can be altered with a change in conditions. This includes a change in temperature, a change in pressure, or the addition of a catalyst.
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For a multi-step chemical reaction, which of the following will reduce the reaction rate?
For a multi-step chemical reaction, which of the following will reduce the reaction rate?
For a multi-step reaction, the rate-determining step is the step with the highest activation energy. Be careful not to confuse this with the energy transition state.
For a multi-step reaction, the rate-determining step is the step with the highest activation energy. Be careful not to confuse this with the energy transition state.
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What is the role of a catalyst in an reaction?
What is the role of a catalyst in an reaction?
A catalyst is used to increase the rate of a reaction. By definition, it does so without being consumed during the reaction. Thus the choices that talk about decreasing the rate of reaction are wrong. Catalysts decrease the activation energy of a reaction.
A catalyst is used to increase the rate of a reaction. By definition, it does so without being consumed during the reaction. Thus the choices that talk about decreasing the rate of reaction are wrong. Catalysts decrease the activation energy of a reaction.
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The rate for a reaction is given by the equation 
. What is the overall order of the reaction?
The rate for a reaction is given by the equation
To find the overall order of a reaction, look at the exponents for the reaction rate law. Since A has an exponent of two and B has an exponent of one, the overall reaction has an order of three.
To find the overall order of a reaction, look at the exponents for the reaction rate law. Since A has an exponent of two and B has an exponent of one, the overall reaction has an order of three.
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Which of the following are true concerning the rate-limiting step of a chemical reaction?
I. It is the slowest step
II. Cannot be altered by a catalyst or enzyme
III. Involves the transition state with the highest activation energy
IV. Is un-affected by a change in reactant concentration or reaction temperature
Which of the following are true concerning the rate-limiting step of a chemical reaction?
I. It is the slowest step
II. Cannot be altered by a catalyst or enzyme
III. Involves the transition state with the highest activation energy
IV. Is un-affected by a change in reactant concentration or reaction temperature
The rate-limiting step of any reaction will always have the highest activation energy, and thus be the slowest step in a chemical reaction (hence the name). It can be altered with the help of a catalyst, by changing the concentration of reactions, and by altering the reaction temperature. These changes can affect the energy of a transition state or chemical equilibrium, altering the rate-limiting step. Only choices I and III are true.
The rate-limiting step of any reaction will always have the highest activation energy, and thus be the slowest step in a chemical reaction (hence the name). It can be altered with the help of a catalyst, by changing the concentration of reactions, and by altering the reaction temperature. These changes can affect the energy of a transition state or chemical equilibrium, altering the rate-limiting step. Only choices I and III are true.
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
H2CO3 
HCO3- + H+
If the reaction series presented above is occurring during alkalosis, H2CO3 may be considered a(n) __________.
Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
If the reaction series presented above is occurring during alkalosis, H2CO3 may be considered a(n) __________.
First, we need to see what the information the question provides us, namely that the reaction is occurring during alkalosis. In alkalosis, we know that the H+ concentration is too low, thus the reaction must be favoring the products in order to reduce the effects of alkalosis (Le Chatlier’s Principle). The H+ is low on the products side, so the reaction shifts to the right. Next, we need to determine where in the reaction H2CO3 is and what is happening to it. We can see that H2CO3 is formed from CO2 and H2O, but then is used up to create HCO3- and H+. In the scenario of alkalosis, H2CO3 will be formed then used (the definition of an intermediate).
First, we need to see what the information the question provides us, namely that the reaction is occurring during alkalosis. In alkalosis, we know that the H+ concentration is too low, thus the reaction must be favoring the products in order to reduce the effects of alkalosis (Le Chatlier’s Principle). The H+ is low on the products side, so the reaction shifts to the right. Next, we need to determine where in the reaction H2CO3 is and what is happening to it. We can see that H2CO3 is formed from CO2 and H2O, but then is used up to create HCO3- and H+. In the scenario of alkalosis, H2CO3 will be formed then used (the definition of an intermediate).
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
H2CO3 
HCO3- + H+
Increasing the concentration of the carbonic anhydrase would __________ the rate constant of the forward reaction.
Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
Increasing the concentration of the carbonic anhydrase would __________ the rate constant of the forward reaction.
The concentration of the enzyme is independent of the rate constant because the enzyme can only catalyze the conversion of reactants to products at a specific rate. Increasing the concentration of the enzyme, however, would increase the absolute number of reactions occurring simultaneously; thus, the rate of reaction (but not the rate constant) would increase.
The concentration of the enzyme is independent of the rate constant because the enzyme can only catalyze the conversion of reactants to products at a specific rate. Increasing the concentration of the enzyme, however, would increase the absolute number of reactions occurring simultaneously; thus, the rate of reaction (but not the rate constant) would increase.
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
H2CO3 
HCO3- + H+
Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction of CO2 (g) + H2O (l) 
H2CO3 (l). If the temperature of the reaction were increased, such as in exercise, how would the rate of reaction change?
Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes the reaction of CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
This question asks us how the rate of the reaction would change if temperature were increased. Increasing the temperature increases the relative velocity of each reactant, increasing the chance that two reactants collide and are able to form a product with the help of carbonic anhydrase. This can also be seen with the following equation.
Increasing the temperature decreases the denominator because eE/RT becomes e0 = 1 as the temperature increases. The overall effect is an increasing in reaction rate.
Note however, that the temperature can only increase up to a point. Once the temperature becomes too high, the enzyme would denature and no longer work.
This question asks us how the rate of the reaction would change if temperature were increased. Increasing the temperature increases the relative velocity of each reactant, increasing the chance that two reactants collide and are able to form a product with the help of carbonic anhydrase. This can also be seen with the following equation.
Increasing the temperature decreases the denominator because eE/RT becomes e0 = 1 as the temperature increases. The overall effect is an increasing in reaction rate.
Note however, that the temperature can only increase up to a point. Once the temperature becomes too high, the enzyme would denature and no longer work.
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
H2CO3 
HCO3- + H+
If the pH of the blood increases above 8, how would the activity of carbonic anhydrase change?
Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
If the pH of the blood increases above 8, how would the activity of carbonic anhydrase change?
Extreme temperatures and pH levels decrease the activity of enzymes because they become denatured. In the body, most enzymes work optimally around a pH of 7.4. Increasing the pH too high would denature a protein because amino acids that are normally protonated at physiological pH (i.e. acidic residues) would become deprotonated. Lack of protonation would cause collapse of the tertiary and quaternary structures, leading to a decrease in enzyme function.
Extreme temperatures and pH levels decrease the activity of enzymes because they become denatured. In the body, most enzymes work optimally around a pH of 7.4. Increasing the pH too high would denature a protein because amino acids that are normally protonated at physiological pH (i.e. acidic residues) would become deprotonated. Lack of protonation would cause collapse of the tertiary and quaternary structures, leading to a decrease in enzyme function.
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Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
H2CO3 
HCO3- + H+
If the pH of the blood decreases below 7, how would the concentration of HCO3- change?
Carbonic anhydrase is an important enzyme that allows CO2 and H2O to be converted into H2CO3. In addition to allowing CO2 to be dissolved into the blood and transported to the lungs for exhalation, the products of the carbonic anhydrase reaction, H2CO3 and a related compound HCO3-, also serve to control the pH of the blood to prevent acidosis or alkalosis. The carbonic anhydrase reaction and acid-base reaction are presented below.
CO2 + H2O
H2CO3
If the pH of the blood decreases below 7, how would the concentration of HCO3- change?
Extreme temperatures and pH levels decrease the activity of enzymes because they become denatured. In the body, most enzymes work optimally around a pH of 7.4. Decreasing the pH too low would denature a protein because amino acids that are normally deprotonated at physiological pH (i.e. basic residues) would become protonated. Protonation would cause changes in tertiary and quaternary structures, leading to a decrease in enzyme function, thus the concentration of the product in the catalyzed reaction would decrease as well.
Extreme temperatures and pH levels decrease the activity of enzymes because they become denatured. In the body, most enzymes work optimally around a pH of 7.4. Decreasing the pH too low would denature a protein because amino acids that are normally deprotonated at physiological pH (i.e. basic residues) would become protonated. Protonation would cause changes in tertiary and quaternary structures, leading to a decrease in enzyme function, thus the concentration of the product in the catalyzed reaction would decrease as well.
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Reaction: 
Step 1: 
(fast)
Step 2: 
(slow)
In the reaction above, which step is the rate-determining step and what is the intermediate?
Reaction:
Step 1:
Step 2:
In the reaction above, which step is the rate-determining step and what is the intermediate?
In this reaction, step 2 is the rate-determining step and BC2 is the intermediate. The rate-determining step is always the slowest step in the reaction; the rate of the entire reaction depends on the speed of this step. BC2 is the intermediate because intermediates are not found in the overall reaction; they are produced and then immediately consumed.
In this reaction, step 2 is the rate-determining step and BC2 is the intermediate. The rate-determining step is always the slowest step in the reaction; the rate of the entire reaction depends on the speed of this step. BC2 is the intermediate because intermediates are not found in the overall reaction; they are produced and then immediately consumed.
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Which of the following statements is false about catalysts?
Which of the following statements is false about catalysts?
Catalysts do not shift the equilibrium position of a reaction in favor of the products.
Catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy (Ea) of reactions, but do not affect the equilibrium position since the change in rate from reactants to products speeds up proportionally to the change in rate from products to reactants (the same Keq will be achieved whether a catalyst is used or not).
Catalysts do not shift the equilibrium position of a reaction in favor of the products.
Catalysts speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy (Ea) of reactions, but do not affect the equilibrium position since the change in rate from reactants to products speeds up proportionally to the change in rate from products to reactants (the same Keq will be achieved whether a catalyst is used or not).
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If the reactants and/or products in a chemical reaction are gases, the reaction rate can be determined by measuring the change of pressure as the reaction proceeds. Consider the following reaction and pressure vs. reaction rate data below.
Trial PXY(torr) PZ(torr) Rate (torr/s) 1 100 200 0.16 2 200 200 0.32 3 200 100 0.04 4 200 150 0.14
If an inhibitory catalyst were added to the reaction __________.
If the reactants and/or products in a chemical reaction are gases, the reaction rate can be determined by measuring the change of pressure as the reaction proceeds. Consider the following reaction and pressure vs. reaction rate data below.
| Trial | PXY(torr) | PZ(torr) | Rate (torr/s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 200 | 0.16 |
| 2 | 200 | 200 | 0.32 |
| 3 | 200 | 100 | 0.04 |
| 4 | 200 | 150 | 0.14 |
If an inhibitory catalyst were added to the reaction __________.
A catalyst affects activation energy; an inhibitory catalyst increases activation energy. Catalysts do not affect equilibrium concentrations of products or reactants.
A catalyst affects activation energy; an inhibitory catalyst increases activation energy. Catalysts do not affect equilibrium concentrations of products or reactants.
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
Upon further review, the scientist realizes that the reaction in question involved formation of a carbocation that quickly reacted again to form stable products. At which point would we most likely find this carbocation in the above diagram?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
Upon further review, the scientist realizes that the reaction in question involved formation of a carbocation that quickly reacted again to form stable products. At which point would we most likely find this carbocation in the above diagram?
Point 3 is where you would expect to find a relatively stable intermediate. An intermediate is more stable than a transition state, but not as stable as the original reactants and final products. Stability is inversely proportional to energy, thus we are looking for the point that is between the highest and lowest energies in the reaction. By this logic, point 1 is the reactants, 2 and 4 are transition states, 3 is a stable intermediate, and 5 is the products.
Point 3 is where you would expect to find a relatively stable intermediate. An intermediate is more stable than a transition state, but not as stable as the original reactants and final products. Stability is inversely proportional to energy, thus we are looking for the point that is between the highest and lowest energies in the reaction. By this logic, point 1 is the reactants, 2 and 4 are transition states, 3 is a stable intermediate, and 5 is the products.
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
In the reaction diagram, which point is most instrumental in determining the rate of the forward reaction?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
In the reaction diagram, which point is most instrumental in determining the rate of the forward reaction?
Point 2 is at the highest peak on the chart. The difference between the energy level at this point and the energy level of the reactants is the activation energy. This is the energy that the reactants must overcome to proceed to the lower energy products. Overcoming this point takes energy, and is the primary limiting factor in the speed of any reaction.
Point 2 is at the highest peak on the chart. The difference between the energy level at this point and the energy level of the reactants is the activation energy. This is the energy that the reactants must overcome to proceed to the lower energy products. Overcoming this point takes energy, and is the primary limiting factor in the speed of any reaction.
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
At which point(s) on the above graph would you expect to find bonds forming and breaking?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
At which point(s) on the above graph would you expect to find bonds forming and breaking?
It may be tempting to include points 2, 3, and 4, but only points 2 and 4 actually have bonds in the process of forming and breaking. This lack of stability is what gives these points the highest relative energy levels on the diagram. Point 3 is a relatively stable intermediate, stabilized by the fact that it does not have bonds in active flux.
It may be tempting to include points 2, 3, and 4, but only points 2 and 4 actually have bonds in the process of forming and breaking. This lack of stability is what gives these points the highest relative energy levels on the diagram. Point 3 is a relatively stable intermediate, stabilized by the fact that it does not have bonds in active flux.
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
The scientist in the passage is attempting to modify the reaction as it is ongoing, and adds a catalyst to the vessel. Which points will not move with the addition of a catalyst?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
The scientist in the passage is attempting to modify the reaction as it is ongoing, and adds a catalyst to the vessel. Which points will not move with the addition of a catalyst?
Points 1 and 5 are the energy levels of the reactants and products, respectively. These levels do not change with the action of a catalyst, and instead are fixed by the thermodynamic nature of the chemical species involved. A catalyst would lower activation energies by providing an alternate route to reach the products from the reactants, and thus would likely affect points 2, 3, and 4.
Points 1 and 5 are the energy levels of the reactants and products, respectively. These levels do not change with the action of a catalyst, and instead are fixed by the thermodynamic nature of the chemical species involved. A catalyst would lower activation energies by providing an alternate route to reach the products from the reactants, and thus would likely affect points 2, 3, and 4.
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
After much thought, the scientist in the passage determines that the reaction depicted in the diagram must be either a radical reaction or a combustion reaction. Which of these options is more likely?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
After much thought, the scientist in the passage determines that the reaction depicted in the diagram must be either a radical reaction or a combustion reaction. Which of these options is more likely?
A radical reaction would be a more likely candidate in this case, as step 3 on the diagram would correspond to the stable intermediate. In the radical reaction, this would correspond to a radical intermediate.
Combustion reactions typically don't have a stable intermediate, and are typically exothermic (not endothermic as the answer choice indicates).
A radical reaction would be a more likely candidate in this case, as step 3 on the diagram would correspond to the stable intermediate. In the radical reaction, this would correspond to a radical intermediate.
Combustion reactions typically don't have a stable intermediate, and are typically exothermic (not endothermic as the answer choice indicates).
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For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
The scientist in the passage is able to determine that the reactants in the diagram are hydrophilic compounds. Which of the following is likely to decrease the energy level of the reactants?
For any given chemical reaction, one can draw an energy diagram. Energy diagrams depict the energy levels of the different steps in a reaction, while also indicating the net change in energy and giving clues to relative reaction rate.
Below, a reaction diagram is shown for a reaction that a scientist is studying in a lab. A student began the reaction the evening before, but the scientist is unsure as to the type of the reaction. He cannot find the student’s notes, except for the reaction diagram below.
The scientist in the passage is able to determine that the reactants in the diagram are hydrophilic compounds. Which of the following is likely to decrease the energy level of the reactants?
Of any of these changes, only the presence of resonance structures will decrease the overall energy level of hydrophilic compounds. The two solution options both reference nonpolar solvents (though carbon tetrachloride has polar bonds, their geometry cancels out any net dipole moment). Additionally, pi bonds are high energy bonds, and d and f orbitals are high energy orbitals.
Resonace allows greater charge distribution and stability, thus reducing energy level.
Of any of these changes, only the presence of resonance structures will decrease the overall energy level of hydrophilic compounds. The two solution options both reference nonpolar solvents (though carbon tetrachloride has polar bonds, their geometry cancels out any net dipole moment). Additionally, pi bonds are high energy bonds, and d and f orbitals are high energy orbitals.
Resonace allows greater charge distribution and stability, thus reducing energy level.
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Which of the following is false about catalyzed reactions?
Which of the following is false about catalyzed reactions?
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being altered or used up in the reaction. Both the forward and reverse rates of the reaction are accelerated by a catalyst. Slowing the reverse rate, with an increase in forward rate, would result in a shift in equilibrium. Remember that a catalyst will never change the equilibrium constant (Keq) of a reaction.
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being altered or used up in the reaction. Both the forward and reverse rates of the reaction are accelerated by a catalyst. Slowing the reverse rate, with an increase in forward rate, would result in a shift in equilibrium. Remember that a catalyst will never change the equilibrium constant (Keq) of a reaction.
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