MCAT Biology

A comprehensive introduction to key biological concepts tested on the MCAT, focusing on cellular processes, genetics, and the integration of biological systems.

Basic Concepts

Biological Molecules

The Chemicals of Life

All living things are made up of four main types of biological molecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.

Carbohydrates

Sugars and starches that provide energy and structural support.

Proteins

Made of amino acids, proteins perform most cellular functions, from enzymes to structural components.

Lipids

Fats and oils that store energy and make up cell membranes.

Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA store and transmit genetic information.

Everyday Importance

A healthy diet requires a balance of these molecules. Disorders like diabetes and high cholesterol stem from imbalances in these biological molecules.

Examples

  • Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body.

  • DNA stores genetic information in the nucleus of cells.

In a Nutshell

Biological molecules are essential chemicals that make up and run living cells.

Biological Molecules - MCAT Biology Content | Practice Hub