The word “genre” is related to the Latin “genus,” a term that we still use in logic to mean “general kind.” For instance, when someone says “man is a rational animal,” the general class “animal” is the genus into which “man” is placed (so to speak). When we speak of “genres of music,” what we really mean are “classes” or “general types” of music. For instance, one might say, “The most popular genres of music are baroque organ and renaissance polyphony, not rock and ska.”

The root -cit- is of Latin origin, it means to start, to call out. So to "incite" means to call to action, to start, to inspire. To provide further help, "rescind" means repeal, cancel; "terminate" means finish; "pry" means interfere, spy on; "covet" means desire, want.

When something is “restrained,” it is kept within limits or “held tight.” The word is taken from the Latin root meaning “to squeeze or hold.” It is related to English words such as “constrict” or “constrain.” A “restraint” is something that keeps things within boundaries; hence, it can be called a “restriction” (a word that is similarly derived from the same Latin roots).

The Latin root -vis- means see, sight, as in "vision" or "visible." So, to "envision" means to see or picture in one's mind, to imagine. Additionally, to "erect" means to build, to put up.

The word "dismiss" comes from two Latin roots that are familiar. The "dis-" means away from and is related to the "de-" that we find in "descend" and "deconstruct." The "-miss" portion is the same as that found in "missive" (mail / letter) or "missile." Thus, to "dismiss" means in its roots to send away. The English meanings therefore include things like to reject, to send away, and even to fire from a job. It is this last sense that is most important for this question. If an employee is dismissed, he or she is fired. To be "terminated" is to be brought to the end of one's service. ("Term-" comes from Latin meaning "end", as we see in the word "terminal" used in airports.)

The word “vociferous” is quite recognizably related to the words “voice,” “vocal,” and so forth. The “-fer” portion of the word is derived from the Latin for “to carry,” as is found in the words “transfer” (to carry across) and “aquifer” (something that carries water between two or more places). The word vociferous means “carrying voice” in the sense of being loud or outspoken. For example, one could say, “At the proposition that she should change her political affiliation, the young woman became particularly vociferous, arguing passionately for her beliefs.”

The word “diffidence” literally means “not having faith” in oneself. The “-fidence” portion of the word is related to other English words pertaining to faith, such as “fidelity” and “confidence.” When someone does not have faith or trust in himself or herself, that person is often bashful or shy due to that lack of confidence. A related word, “diffident” is the adjective form of the word.

The word “gregarious” might have a number of “positive” connotations for you. Above all, it is means “friendly” and, even more, “liking being around others.” It comes from Latin for “flock” (as in “flock of sheep”). It is likewise related to words for “gathering together” like “aggregate,” “congregate,” and “segregate.” Among the options given for this question, “sociable” best expresses the sense of liking the company of others.

The prefix "re-" can mean do again, and the Latin root "juven" means youth, so it makes sense that "rejuvenate" means make someone or something look or feel young again. This is very close to the meaning of the word “revitalize,” which means give new life to. As for the other answer choices, “homogenize” means make uniform or standardize; “grovel” means beg while on one's knees on the ground; “truncate” means shorten; and “pardon” means officially forgive.

The word ingredient is not limited in usage to food. Actually, the “-gredient” in the word is related to the Latin word for step, found in words like “grade” and “gradual” in English. In a general sense, the word “ingredient” means “something stepping or, more appropriately, going into a larger whole.” Just as in chemistry the “elements” are (at least from a certain aspect) the smallest “building blocks” of larger compounds, likewise can “ingredients” be considered the elements of the things that they constitute.