Synonyms: Adjectives Describing Appearance, Materiality, and Sensory Imagery

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HSPT Language Skills › Synonyms: Adjectives Describing Appearance, Materiality, and Sensory Imagery

Questions 1 - 8
1

Synonyms: Select the one word or phrase whose meaning is closest to the word in capital letters.

MACABRE

Gruesome

Understated

Protective

Panicked

Methodical

Explanation

“Macabre” means gruesome, horrifying, or pertaining to death, so "gruesome" is the correct answer. None of the other answers are close in meaning to “macabre”. “Understated” means modest or simple. “Protective” means defensive or shielding. “Panicked” means frightened. “Methodical” means systematic.

2

"Chimerical" most nearly means __________.

illusory

lucid

laconic

amazing

inorganic

Explanation

A "chimera" is a kind of mythological creature, but generally the word has come to signify something that cannot possibly occur or exist in reality. Therefore, when something is described as being "chimerical," it is an illusion—something "illusory."

3

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

SINEWY

Stringy

Upright

Vulgar

Ecstatic

Brief

Explanation

"Sinewy" means tough, stringy, or strong.

4

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GARISH

Lurid

Delightful

Proper

Severe

Frightening

Explanation

"Garish" means too bright and showy, and the correct answer "lurid" means having a color so bright that it is unpleasant. The other choices do not have similar definitions: "delightful" means fun and joyful, "proper" means appropriate, "severe" means harsh, and "frightening" means scary.

5

"Scintillating" most nearly means __________.

luminous

engrossing

beautiful

languid

fecund

Explanation

The word "scintillating" comes from the Latin word for "spark" (as in a spark of fire or light). Something that is scintillating has the kind of spark or glow of such a fire. Therefore, it means bright. Something that is "luminous" is very bright or enlightened.

6

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

OPULENT

Sumptuous

Opaque

Putrid

Benevolent

Complex

Explanation

"Opulent" is an adjective that means lavish, and since "sumptuous" means expensive-looking, it is the answer choice closest in meaning to "opulent," so it is the correct answer.

7

"Inelastic" most nearly means __________.

rigid

wooden

metallic

rubbery

resilient

Explanation

In its physical sense, the word "elastic" means bendable or flexible. Hence, we use it to describe things like "elastic bands" that are used for gathering together items. When something is "inelastic" it is not flexible in that way. The "in-" prefix is a privative prefix, meaning that it means not. (This is much like the prefix "un-.") Therefore, something that is "inelastic" could be said to be rigid.

8

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

IMPERVIOUS

Unaffected

Stained

Flawless

Independent

Insignificant

Explanation

"Impervious" means not letting things pass through, or unaffected by something. One might write, "While everyone else got sick, Michael seemed impervious to germs."

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