2ND GRADE SCIENCE • EARTH'S SYSTEMS

Where Is All the Water?

Let's explore all the amazing places where water is found on our planet Earth!

What's Happening?

🔍 LOOK AT THIS!

Now think about this: when you visit a beach, you see a huge ocean full of water. When you go to a park, you might see a pond or a lake. A river flows through many towns. Water is in so many places!

Places Where We Find Water on Earth
💭 Thinking Questions

Water on Earth

Water is found in many places on Earth. Let's learn about the four main places where we find water!

1

🌊 Oceans

An ocean is a very, very large body of water. Oceans are salty. They cover most of the Earth! If you look at a globe, the blue parts are oceans.
2

🏞️ Rivers

A river is a long body of moving water. Rivers flow across the land. They carry water from one place to another. River water is fresh (not salty).
3

🏔️ Lakes

A lake is a large body of water with land all around it. Most lakes have fresh water. Lakes are bigger than ponds. People can swim and fish in lakes!
4

🦆 Ponds

A pond is a small body of still water. Ponds are smaller than lakes. You might see frogs, fish, and ducks in a pond. Pond water is fresh.
KEY TAKEAWAY
KEY TAKEAWAY

Let's Explore!

Scientists learn about water by looking at maps and reading information. You can do this too! Let's be scientists and find out where water is on Earth.

🔬 LET'S TRY IT! — Map Explorers!
  • Look at a globe or a map of the world. What color is the water? (It's blue!)
  • Point to the big blue parts. Those are the oceans. Can you find the Pacific Ocean? It's the biggest one!
  • Look for thin blue lines. Those are rivers. They go across the land like tiny blue ribbons.
  • Look for small blue spots. Those are lakes and ponds. They have land all around them.

What you might use: a globe, a world map, or a picture of Earth from space.

Our Earth — most of it is covered in water!

When you look at Earth from space, it looks mostly blue. That's because water covers more of Earth than land does. Most of that water is in the oceans.

What We Found Out

Now we know that water is found in many places! Each place where we find water is a little different. Let's compare them.

Body of WaterSizeWater TypeDoes It Move?
🌊 OceanVery, very bigSaltyYes — waves!
🏞️ RiverLong and narrowFreshYes — it flows!
🏔️ LakeLargeFresh (usually)Mostly still
🦆 PondSmallFreshVery still

Oceans are the biggest. They have salty water. You cannot drink ocean water! Rivers, lakes, and ponds have fresh water. Fresh water is the kind we can drink after it is cleaned.

Size comparison: Ocean → Lake → Pond, and a flowing River

Rivers are different because they move. Water in a river flows from one place to another. Lakes and ponds are mostly still. Oceans have waves, but the water stays in the same big space.

Do You See a Pattern?

Scientists love to look for patterns. A pattern is when something happens the same way again and again. Let's look for patterns about water!

PatternWhat We Notice
Water is everywhere!We find water in many different places on Earth — big and small.
Water can be salty or fresh.Oceans are salty. Rivers, lakes, and ponds have fresh water.
Water can move or stay still.Rivers flow and move. Lakes and ponds are mostly still.
Bigger places hold more water.Oceans are the biggest and hold the most water. Ponds are small and hold less.

We see this same kind of pattern in other places too! Think about plants. Big trees hold more water inside them than tiny flowers. Think about containers. A big bucket holds more water than a small cup. Bigger things can hold more — that's a pattern!

KEY TAKEAWAY
KEY TAKEAWAY

Water in Our World

People use water every day! Knowing where water is helps us take care of it.

🚰 How People Use Water

We get our drinking water from rivers and lakes. That water is cleaned at a special place so it is safe to drink. We also use water from rivers and lakes to water farms so our food can grow.

Ocean water is too salty to drink. But people use the ocean for fishing, sailing, and traveling. Many animals live in the ocean too!

🌱 Taking Care of Water

Can you think of a way to help keep water clean? Here are some ideas:

We can pick up trash near rivers and ponds. We can use less water at home by turning off the sink. We can keep our ponds, rivers, lakes, and oceans clean so plants and animals can live there!

Key Vocabulary

📖 KEY VOCABULARY
  • Ocean — A very large body of salty water. Oceans cover most of Earth.
  • River — A long body of fresh water that flows across the land.
  • Lake — A large body of fresh water with land all around it.
  • Pond — A small body of still, fresh water with land all around it.
  • Fresh water — Water that is not salty. We can drink fresh water after it is cleaned.

Show What You Know!

1
When you look at a globe, most of it appears blue. What does the blue color represent?
2
A family visits a park and sees a small body of still water surrounded by land on all sides. Ducks are swimming on it. What is this body of water most likely called?
3
How is a river different from a lake?
4
Which body of water is the largest and covers the most of Earth's surface?

What's Next?

🔮 WHAT'S NEXT?
Varsity Tutors • 2nd Grade Science (NGSS) • Where Is All the Water?