KINDERGARTEN SCIENCE (NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE STANDARDS) • ENGINEERING DESIGN

Ask Questions About a Problem People Want to Solve

Great inventors start by asking questions about what people need!

Why Do People Ask Questions?

People have always had problems. That means things that are hard or not working well. When something is a problem, people ask questions to fix it!

Long ago, people asked questions just like you do. Their questions helped them make amazing things!

Long Ago
Staying Dry in the Rain
People asked: "How can we stay dry?" They made roofs and umbrellas!
A While Ago
Carrying Water
People asked: "How can we carry water?" They made cups and buckets!
Not Long Ago
Seeing at Night
People asked: "How can we see in the dark?" They made flashlights!
Today
You Ask Questions Too!
You ask questions every day. Your questions can help solve problems!

Every great idea started with a question. Asking questions is what engineers do. Engineers are people who solve problems by making things.

What Makes a Good Question?

When we see a problem, we can ask questions about it. Good questions help us understand the problem better. Let's learn how!

1

Notice the Problem

Look around you. What is hard? What is not working? That is a problem!
2

Ask "What" and "Why"

Ask: What is happening? Why is it a problem? Who needs help?
3

Ask "How"

Ask: How can we fix it? How can we make it better? How can we help?
4

Think About What You Need

Ask: What do we need to solve it? What things can we use?
KEY TAKEAWAY
Asking questions is like being a detective! A detective looks for clues and asks questions to solve a mystery. You are a problem detective when you ask questions about how to fix things!

See How Questions Help Us

Let's look at our anchoring phenomenon. That means a real thing we can look at and wonder about. Imagine you are at school and it starts raining. Oh no! The class pet bunny's outdoor pen is getting all wet!

This picture shows a bunny pen getting rained on. The bunny is getting wet! On the right side, you can see questions we can ask to start solving this problem.

Do you see the rain falling into the pen? The bunny is getting wet. We can observe this. That means we can see it with our eyes. Now we can ask questions about this problem!

How Asking Questions Works

Here is how asking questions helps us solve a problem. It works in steps, like climbing stairs!

Step 1: See the Problem

First, we observe. That means we look carefully. We use our eyes, ears, and hands to notice things.

Step 2: Think About Who Needs Help

We ask: Who has this problem? Is it a person? Is it an animal? What do they need?

Step 3: Ask Lots of Questions

We ask many questions! Every question is a good question. Questions help us learn more about the problem.

Step 4: Pick the Best Question to Start

Some questions help us start fixing the problem. We pick one to try first. Then we can design something. That means we plan and build something to help!

💡 Remember!
There are no silly questions! Every question you ask helps. Scientists and engineers ask questions all day long. You are being just like them!

Different Kinds of Questions We Can Ask

There are different kinds of questions. Each kind helps in a different way. Let's look at the bunny pen problem and see the kinds of questions we can ask.

This diagram shows four kinds of questions we can ask. What questions help us see the problem. Why questions help us understand it. Who questions tell us who needs help. How questions help us start fixing it!

Look at all the question words! When you use these words, you are thinking like an engineer. Engineers ask these questions before they build anything.

Let's Solve the Wet Bunny Problem!

Now let's be engineers! We will ask questions about the wet bunny pen and figure out how to help. Watch how we go step by step.

Helping the Bunny Stay Dry
1
Step 1 — Observe the ProblemWe look at the bunny pen. It is raining. The bunny is wet. The pen has no roof.
Problem: The bunny pen has no cover.
2
Step 2 — Ask "What" QuestionsWhat is getting wet? The bunny and the ground in the pen. What does the bunny need? A dry place!
The bunny needs a dry spot.
3
Step 3 — Ask "Why" QuestionsWhy is the bunny getting wet? Because rain falls down into the open pen. There is nothing on top to stop the rain.
The pen needs something on top.
4
Step 4 — Ask "How" QuestionsHow can we cover the pen? We could use a box, a tarp, or cardboard. What would work best?
Now we have ideas to try!

Did you see that? Our questions led us to an idea. We can put a cover on the pen! Asking questions helped us figure out what to do.

Helpful Questions and Tricky Questions

Some questions help us solve problems faster. Other questions might not help as much right now. Let's see the difference!

Helpful questions are about the problem. Tricky questions are about other things.
Helpful Questions ✅Tricky Questions 🤔
What is the problem?What is the bunny's name?
Who needs help?What color is the bunny?
How can we fix it?What did I eat for lunch?
What things can we use?Is it Tuesday?
KEY TAKEAWAY
Think of it like packing a bag for a trip. If you ask "What do I need?", that helps you pack. If you ask "What is my favorite color?", it does not help you pack! The best questions are about the problem.

Remember, all questions are good! But when we want to solve a problem, the most helpful questions are about what is happening and how to fix it.

Questions Lead to Big Ideas

Asking questions is just the first step! After you ask questions, you can start to design a solution. That means you make a plan to fix the problem.

Asking questions helps you get ready to design and build.
What You Do NowWhat Comes Next
See a problemDraw a plan to fix it
Ask questionsBuild something to test
Think about what you needTry it and see if it works!

Someday you will learn to draw plans, build models, and test your ideas. But it all starts with asking great questions — and you already know how to do that!

Practice: Ask Questions About Problems!

Now it is your turn! Here is a new problem to think about. Read each question and pick the best answer. You can do it!

🌬️ New Problem!
Imagine your class wants to play outside, but the sandbox toys keep blowing away in the wind. The toys are all over the playground! What questions can we ask to help solve this problem?
PROBLEM 1CONCEPTUAL
What is the problem with the sandbox toys? A) The toys are too big. B) The wind blows the toys away. C) There are no toys.
PROBLEM 2BASIC OBSERVATION
Which question would BEST help us understand this problem? A) What is my teacher's name? B) Why do the toys blow away? C) What day is it?
PROBLEM 3INTERMEDIATE
Which question would help us START to fix the sandbox toy problem? A) How can we keep the toys from blowing away? B) What color are the toys? C) How many clouds are in the sky?
PROBLEM 4APPLIED
Your friend says: "Let's just throw the toys away so they can't blow around." What question should you ask before doing that? A) What is for snack today? B) Is there a way to keep the toys AND stop them from blowing? C) Who likes toys?
PROBLEM 5CRITICAL THINKING
Think and Share: What are two questions YOU would ask about the sandbox toy problem? Tell a friend or grown-up your questions. Why do you think your questions would help?

What Did We Learn?

Today we learned that asking questions is the first step to solving a problem. We use our eyes and ears to observe what is happening. Then we ask what, why, who, and how questions to understand the problem.

The best questions are about the problem we want to solve. When we ask good questions, we are thinking like engineers! Our questions help us come up with ideas to design a solution. Keep asking questions — you are a great problem solver!

Varsity Tutors • Kindergarten Science (Next Generation Science Standards) • Ask Questions About a Problem People Want to Solve