The Enlightenment - AP World History: Modern
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Which Enlightenment idea influenced the American and French Revolutions?
Which Enlightenment idea influenced the American and French Revolutions?
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Popular sovereignty. The idea that government derives power from the people's consent.
Popular sovereignty. The idea that government derives power from the people's consent.
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What is the Enlightenment emphasis on human progress known as?
What is the Enlightenment emphasis on human progress known as?
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Optimism. Belief that society and human knowledge could continuously improve.
Optimism. Belief that society and human knowledge could continuously improve.
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Name a significant outcome of the Enlightenment on society.
Name a significant outcome of the Enlightenment on society.
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Secularization. The decline of religious authority in public life and governance.
Secularization. The decline of religious authority in public life and governance.
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Which Enlightenment thinker wrote 'Critique of Pure Reason'?
Which Enlightenment thinker wrote 'Critique of Pure Reason'?
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Immanuel Kant. German philosopher who explored the limits of human knowledge.
Immanuel Kant. German philosopher who explored the limits of human knowledge.
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What did the Enlightenment contribute to the development of science?
What did the Enlightenment contribute to the development of science?
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Emphasis on empirical evidence and rational thought. Promoted the scientific method and experimental observation.
Emphasis on empirical evidence and rational thought. Promoted the scientific method and experimental observation.
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What is the main argument in Hobbes' 'Leviathan'?
What is the main argument in Hobbes' 'Leviathan'?
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Need for a strong central authority. Argued humans need government to escape the chaos of nature.
Need for a strong central authority. Argued humans need government to escape the chaos of nature.
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Which Enlightenment thinker developed the idea of a social contract?
Which Enlightenment thinker developed the idea of a social contract?
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Thomas Hobbes. English philosopher who first theorized government by mutual agreement.
Thomas Hobbes. English philosopher who first theorized government by mutual agreement.
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Who was an influential deist during the Enlightenment?
Who was an influential deist during the Enlightenment?
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Thomas Paine. American revolutionary who promoted reason over religious revelation.
Thomas Paine. American revolutionary who promoted reason over religious revelation.
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What is the Enlightenment idea of deism?
What is the Enlightenment idea of deism?
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Belief in a rational God who doesn't intervene in the universe. Rejection of organized religion while maintaining belief in a creator.
Belief in a rational God who doesn't intervene in the universe. Rejection of organized religion while maintaining belief in a creator.
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What work did Mary Wollstonecraft write advocating for women's rights?
What work did Mary Wollstonecraft write advocating for women's rights?
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A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. 1792 treatise arguing women deserve equal education and opportunities.
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman. 1792 treatise arguing women deserve equal education and opportunities.
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Name an Enlightenment thinker known for advocating women's rights.
Name an Enlightenment thinker known for advocating women's rights.
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Mary Wollstonecraft. English author who argued for women's education and equality.
Mary Wollstonecraft. English author who argued for women's education and equality.
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What key idea did Adam Smith introduce in economics?
What key idea did Adam Smith introduce in economics?
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The invisible hand. Market forces that naturally regulate supply and demand.
The invisible hand. Market forces that naturally regulate supply and demand.
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Which book by Adam Smith laid the foundations of capitalist theory?
Which book by Adam Smith laid the foundations of capitalist theory?
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The Wealth of Nations. 1776 economic treatise explaining market mechanisms and trade benefits.
The Wealth of Nations. 1776 economic treatise explaining market mechanisms and trade benefits.
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Who wrote 'Candide', a satirical novel critiquing society?
Who wrote 'Candide', a satirical novel critiquing society?
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Voltaire. French writer who used humor to expose social and political corruption.
Voltaire. French writer who used humor to expose social and political corruption.
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What economic system did Adam Smith promote?
What economic system did Adam Smith promote?
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Capitalism. Economic theory based on free markets and private ownership.
Capitalism. Economic theory based on free markets and private ownership.
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Summarize Kant's definition of Enlightenment.
Summarize Kant's definition of Enlightenment.
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Man's emergence from self-imposed immaturity. The courage to think independently without external guidance.
Man's emergence from self-imposed immaturity. The courage to think independently without external guidance.
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What is Immanuel Kant's well-known essay on Enlightenment?
What is Immanuel Kant's well-known essay on Enlightenment?
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What is Enlightenment. 1784 essay defining intellectual independence and critical thinking.
What is Enlightenment. 1784 essay defining intellectual independence and critical thinking.
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Identify a principle from the Declaration of Independence.
Identify a principle from the Declaration of Independence.
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Equality and unalienable rights. Core democratic values enshrined in the American founding document.
Equality and unalienable rights. Core democratic values enshrined in the American founding document.
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Which document was influenced by Enlightenment ideas and signed in 1776?
Which document was influenced by Enlightenment ideas and signed in 1776?
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The Declaration of Independence. Applied Locke's natural rights theory to justify American independence.
The Declaration of Independence. Applied Locke's natural rights theory to justify American independence.
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What did Voltaire criticize in his works?
What did Voltaire criticize in his works?
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Intolerance and religious dogma. He opposed censorship and religious persecution throughout Europe.
Intolerance and religious dogma. He opposed censorship and religious persecution throughout Europe.
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Name an Enlightenment thinker who advocated for freedom of speech.
Name an Enlightenment thinker who advocated for freedom of speech.
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Voltaire. French writer famous for defending civil liberties.
Voltaire. French writer famous for defending civil liberties.
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Identify one of the Enlightenment's impacts on education.
Identify one of the Enlightenment's impacts on education.
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Promotion of public education. Enlightenment thinkers believed knowledge should be accessible to all.
Promotion of public education. Enlightenment thinkers believed knowledge should be accessible to all.
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What impact did the Enlightenment have on government systems?
What impact did the Enlightenment have on government systems?
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Promotion of democratic ideals. Encouraged representative government and constitutional limitations on power.
Promotion of democratic ideals. Encouraged representative government and constitutional limitations on power.
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Who is known as the 'Father of Liberalism'?
Who is known as the 'Father of Liberalism'?
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John Locke. English philosopher who influenced modern democratic theory.
John Locke. English philosopher who influenced modern democratic theory.
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What did Voltaire criticize in his works?
What did Voltaire criticize in his works?
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Intolerance and religious dogma. He opposed censorship and religious persecution throughout Europe.
Intolerance and religious dogma. He opposed censorship and religious persecution throughout Europe.
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Summarize Kant's definition of Enlightenment.
Summarize Kant's definition of Enlightenment.
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Man's emergence from self-imposed immaturity. The courage to think independently without external guidance.
Man's emergence from self-imposed immaturity. The courage to think independently without external guidance.
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What is Immanuel Kant's well-known essay on Enlightenment?
What is Immanuel Kant's well-known essay on Enlightenment?
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What is Enlightenment. 1784 essay defining intellectual independence and critical thinking.
What is Enlightenment. 1784 essay defining intellectual independence and critical thinking.
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What did the Enlightenment contribute to the development of science?
What did the Enlightenment contribute to the development of science?
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Emphasis on empirical evidence and rational thought. Promoted the scientific method and experimental observation.
Emphasis on empirical evidence and rational thought. Promoted the scientific method and experimental observation.
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What is the main argument in Hobbes' 'Leviathan'?
What is the main argument in Hobbes' 'Leviathan'?
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Need for a strong central authority. Argued humans need government to escape the chaos of nature.
Need for a strong central authority. Argued humans need government to escape the chaos of nature.
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What book did Montesquieu write on political theories?
What book did Montesquieu write on political theories?
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The Spirit of the Laws. 1748 work analyzing different forms of government and their structures.
The Spirit of the Laws. 1748 work analyzing different forms of government and their structures.
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