All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify a major factor in the decline of the Dutch maritime empire.
Answer: Competition from England and France. Rising naval powers challenged Dutch commercial and territorial dominance.
Flashcard 2: Which empire's decline was accelerated by the loss of its naval fleet?
Answer: The Spanish Empire. The destruction of the Armada marked the beginning of Spanish decline.
Flashcard 3: What was the significance of the Treaty of Zaragoza?
Answer: It divided Asian territories between Spain and Portugal. This 1529 treaty extended the Tordesillas line into the Pacific Ocean.
Flashcard 4: What was the impact of maritime empires on global population distribution?
Answer: Migration and resettlement. Colonial expansion led to massive population movements and demographic changes.
Flashcard 5: Which empire established trading outposts on the west coast of Africa?
Answer: The Portuguese Empire. Portugal built fortified trading posts along the African coast for commerce.
Flashcard 6: Identify a cultural impact of maritime empires.
Answer: Cultural exchange and syncretism. Contact between different cultures led to new blended traditions and practices.
Flashcard 7: Which technological innovation facilitated long-distance sea travel?
Answer: The caravel ship. This ship design was fast, maneuverable, and ideal for ocean exploration.
Flashcard 8: What was the primary consequence of the Columbian Exchange?
Answer: Transfer of goods and diseases between continents. This exchange transformed global ecosystems, populations, and economies.
Flashcard 9: Which empire was known for its significant fur trade in North America?
Answer: The French Empire. French colonists traded extensively with Native Americans for valuable furs.
Flashcard 10: Identify the reason for the establishment of the encomienda system.
Answer: To control and exploit native labor. This system granted Spanish colonists control over indigenous labor and tribute.
Flashcard 11: What was the main economic policy of maritime empires?
Answer: Mercantilism. This policy aimed to maximize exports and accumulate wealth through trade.
Flashcard 12: Which European power established a trading post in Macau?
Answer: Portugal. Portugal established this trading post to access Chinese markets and goods.
Flashcard 13: Identify a key factor in the maintenance of maritime empires.
Answer: Strong naval forces. Naval superiority was essential to protect trade routes and colonial territories.
Flashcard 14: Which empire founded the city of Manila?
Answer: The Spanish Empire. Manila became the key hub for Spanish Pacific trade with Asia.
Flashcard 15: What was a major role of missionaries in maritime empires?
Answer: Spreading Christianity. Religious conversion was often used to justify and facilitate colonial expansion.
Flashcard 16: Which event marked the rise of British naval dominance?
Answer: The defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588. This victory established England as the dominant naval power in Europe.
Flashcard 17: Identify the primary goal of the British East India Company.
Answer: To monopolize trade in Asia. This company sought to control lucrative trade with India and Southeast Asia.
Flashcard 18: Which European nation led early exploration of the African coast?
Answer: Portugal. Portuguese navigators mapped the African coast seeking routes to Asia.
Flashcard 19: What was a significant result of maritime empires' competition?
Answer: Colonial wars and conflicts. Rivalry over trade routes and colonies led to numerous naval conflicts.
Flashcard 20: Identify a reason for the decline of maritime empires.
Answer: Overextension and resource depletion. Empires often grew too large to effectively govern and defend all territories.
Flashcard 21: Which empire's naval power was symbolized by the Armada?
Answer: The Spanish Empire. The Spanish Armada represented Spain's attempt to maintain naval supremacy.
Flashcard 22: What was the primary purpose of the Spanish galleon?
Answer: To transport goods and silver. These large ships carried precious metals from the Americas to Spain.
Flashcard 23: Which empire established the colony of New Amsterdam?
Answer: The Dutch Empire. The Dutch founded this colony in 1624, later renamed New York by the English.
Flashcard 24: Identify an impact of maritime empires on indigenous populations.
Answer: Displacement and cultural assimilation. European colonization often resulted in loss of indigenous lands and traditions.
Flashcard 25: What was a key factor in the success of maritime empires?
Answer: Advanced naval technology. Superior ships, weapons, and navigation tools gave empires competitive advantages.
Flashcard 26: Name a commodity that was crucial to maritime trade.
Answer: Spices. These valuable seasonings motivated European exploration and empire building.
Flashcard 27: Which empire was known for its control of the Indian Ocean trade routes?
Answer: The Portuguese Empire. Portugal established a network of trading posts from Africa to Asia.
Flashcard 28: What was a major impact of maritime empires on global trade?
Answer: Increased cultural and commercial exchanges. Maritime empires connected distant regions and created global trade networks.
Flashcard 29: Which treaty divided the world between Spain and Portugal?
Answer: The Treaty of Tordesillas. This 1494 agreement divided the New World between these two maritime powers.
Flashcard 30: Identify a major port in the Spanish maritime empire.
Answer: Seville. Seville controlled Spanish colonial trade through the Casa de Contratación.