All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which Chinese philosophy emphasizes harmony with nature?
Answer: Daoism. Philosophy emphasizing balance, simplicity, and natural order.
Flashcard 2: What is the Islamic term for the community of believers?
Answer: Ummah. Global Muslim community united by shared faith and practices.
Flashcard 3: Which religion was founded by Zoroaster?
Answer: Zoroastrianism. Ancient Persian religion emphasizing good vs evil dualism.
Flashcard 4: Which empire is known for building the Hagia Sophia?
Answer: Byzantine Empire. Eastern Roman Empire famous for Orthodox Christianity and architecture.
Flashcard 5: Which empire is known for adopting Christianity under Constantine?
Answer: Roman Empire. Constantine legalized Christianity in 313 CE making it the official religion.
Flashcard 6: Identify the founder of Confucianism.
Answer: Confucius. Chinese philosopher who emphasized social harmony and proper conduct.
Flashcard 7: Which council established the Nicene Creed in Christianity?
Answer: Council of Nicaea. 325 CE council that established key Christian doctrines and beliefs.
Flashcard 8: What is the Jewish day of rest and worship?
Answer: Sabbath. Weekly day of rest observed from Friday evening to Saturday evening.
Flashcard 9: Who is considered the last prophet in Islam?
Answer: Muhammad. The final messenger who received the Qur'an from Allah.
Flashcard 10: Name the two main branches of Islam.
Answer: Sunni and Shia. Major division based on succession dispute after Muhammad's death.
Flashcard 11: Which empire was known for its promotion of Buddhism and spread of its teachings?
Answer: Maurya Empire. Ashoka's empire spread Buddhist teachings across India and beyond.
Flashcard 12: Identify the founder of Islam.
Answer: Muhammad. The prophet who received divine revelations forming the basis of Islam.
Flashcard 13: What is the term for a Jewish house of worship?
Answer: Synagogue. Place where Jewish communities gather for prayer and study.
Flashcard 14: Which empire is known for its Zoroastrian leadership?
Answer: Persian Empire. Zoroastrianism was the official religion of ancient Persia.
Flashcard 15: What are the teachings of Confucius compiled in?
Answer: Analects. Collection of sayings and teachings attributed to Confucius.
Flashcard 16: Which Hindu god is known as the preserver of the universe?
Answer: Vishnu. The sustainer deity who maintains cosmic order in Hinduism.
Flashcard 17: What is the Islamic term for the pilgrimage to Mecca?
Answer: Hajj. Mandatory pilgrimage to Mecca performed once in a lifetime.
Flashcard 18: Name the two main sects of Buddhism.
Answer: Theravada and Mahayana. Major Buddhist traditions differing in practices and interpretations.
Flashcard 19: Which empire officially adopted Christianity in 301 CE?
Answer: Armenian Empire. First nation to officially declare Christianity as state religion.
Flashcard 20: What is the term for Hindu spiritual teacher?
Answer: Guru. Spiritual guide who provides religious instruction and wisdom.
Flashcard 21: Identify the Jewish festival of lights.
Answer: Hanukkah. Eight-day celebration commemorating the temple rededication miracle.
Flashcard 22: Which religion uses the Tripitaka as a sacred text?
Answer: Buddhism. The 'Three Baskets' containing Buddha's teachings and monastic rules.
Flashcard 23: What is the core teaching of Buddhism known as?
Answer: Four Noble Truths. Buddhism's fundamental principles about suffering and liberation.
Flashcard 24: Which empire is considered the first Islamic empire?
Answer: Umayyad Caliphate. Early Islamic dynasty that expanded Muslim territories significantly.
Flashcard 25: What is the Hindu festival of colors?
Answer: Holi. Spring festival celebrating renewal, love, and vibrant colors.
Flashcard 26: Which empire was known for its religious tolerance under rulers like Akbar?
Answer: Mughal Empire. Akbar promoted religious dialogue and tolerance among different faiths.
Flashcard 27: What is the Jewish law and teachings called?
Answer: Torah. The first five books of the Hebrew Bible containing Jewish law.
Flashcard 28: What is the name of the Islamic month of fasting?
Answer: Ramadan. Ninth month when Muslims fast from dawn to sunset.
Flashcard 29: Who is the supreme god in Hinduism often referred to as the Creator?
Answer: Brahma. The creator deity in the Hindu trinity with Vishnu and Shiva.
Flashcard 30: Name the sacred text of Hinduism.
Answer: Vedas. Ancient Sanskrit texts containing Hindu hymns and rituals.