All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What was the primary objective of the US policy of containment?
Answer: Prevent the spread of communism. Strategy to stop communist expansion without direct confrontation.
Flashcard 2: Identify the economic system promoted by the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Answer: Communism. State-controlled economy opposing free market capitalism.
Flashcard 3: What was the significance of the Helsinki Accords in 1975?
Answer: Improved East-West relations and human rights agreements. Established principles for European cooperation and security.
Flashcard 4: What was the Soviet response to the Marshall Plan?
Answer: Comecon (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance). Economic alliance to coordinate socialist economies.
Flashcard 5: Which policy did the Soviet Union use to justify intervention in Eastern Europe?
Answer: Brezhnev Doctrine. Soviet policy justifying military intervention in satellite states.
Flashcard 6: Which 1980s initiative aimed to protect the US from nuclear missiles?
Answer: Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI). Reagan's proposed missile defense system against nuclear attack.
Flashcard 7: Identify the term used to describe indirect confrontations between superpowers.
Answer: Proxy wars. Superpowers fought through allied nations rather than directly.
Flashcard 8: Which Cold War policy aimed to deter Soviet aggression through military strength?
Answer: Mutual Assured Destruction (MAD). Nuclear deterrence strategy based on guaranteed retaliation.
Flashcard 9: Name the military alliance formed by Eastern Bloc countries in 1955.
Answer: Warsaw Pact. Soviet-led military alliance responding to NATO formation.
Flashcard 10: What event in 1962 brought the world close to nuclear war?
Answer: Cuban Missile Crisis. Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba created 13-day nuclear standoff.
Flashcard 11: Identify the two superpowers involved in the Cold War.
Answer: United States and Soviet Union. The two dominant global powers that emerged after World War II.
Flashcard 12: What doctrine aimed to contain the spread of communism?
Answer: Truman Doctrine. Established US policy to support free nations against communist expansion.
Flashcard 13: Which military alliance was formed by Western nations in 1949?
Answer: NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization). Collective defense alliance to counter Soviet influence in Europe.
Flashcard 14: Which event marked the Soviet withdrawal from a prolonged conflict in 1989?
Answer: Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan. Ended costly Soviet military intervention in Central Asia.
Flashcard 15: Which policy refers to easing tensions between the US and USSR in the 1970s?
Answer: Détente. Period of relaxed tensions and increased diplomatic cooperation.
Flashcard 16: What was the primary purpose of the Marshall Plan?
Answer: Economic aid to rebuild Europe. US program to strengthen Western Europe against Soviet influence.
Flashcard 17: Which country was divided into East and West as a result of the Cold War?
Answer: Germany. Split into capitalist West and communist East zones.
Flashcard 18: What term describes the division of Europe into communist and non-communist areas?
Answer: Iron Curtain. Churchill's metaphor for the ideological barrier across Europe.
Flashcard 19: What was the outcome of the Korean War in terms of territorial changes?
Answer: Korea remained divided at the 38th parallel. Armistice maintained the original division without victory.
Flashcard 20: Which 1948-1949 event involved an airlift to supply a city blockaded by the Soviets?
Answer: Berlin Airlift. Western response to Soviet blockade of West Berlin.
Flashcard 21: Which treaty aimed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons in 1968?
Answer: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). International agreement to limit nuclear weapons proliferation.
Flashcard 22: Identify the leader of the Soviet Union who initiated the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika.
Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev. Soviet leader who introduced openness and restructuring reforms.
Flashcard 23: What year did the Berlin Wall fall, symbolizing the end of the Cold War?
Answer:
- Physical and symbolic barrier between East and West collapsed.
Flashcard 24: Which doctrine declared US support for countries resisting communism in the Middle East?
Answer: Eisenhower Doctrine. Extended containment policy specifically to Middle Eastern region.
Flashcard 25: What was the purpose of the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT)?
Answer: Limit nuclear arms. Bilateral negotiations to control nuclear weapons development.
Flashcard 26: What was the primary objective of the US policy of containment?
Answer: Prevent the spread of communism. Strategy to stop communist expansion without direct confrontation.
Flashcard 27: Identify the economic system promoted by the Soviet Union during the Cold War.
Answer: Communism. State-controlled economy opposing free market capitalism.
Flashcard 28: Which US senator led a campaign against alleged communists in the government?
Answer: Joseph McCarthy. Led anti-communist investigations and blacklisting campaigns.
Flashcard 29: What was the impact of the Cold War on US domestic policies?
Answer: Increased military spending and anti-communist policies. Cold War fears shaped defense budgets and security policies.
Flashcard 30: What was the significance of the Helsinki Accords in 1975?
Answer: Improved East-West relations and human rights agreements. Established principles for European cooperation and security.