All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Which philosophy emphasized filial piety and hierarchical relationships in East Asia?
Answer: Confucianism. Core philosophy emphasizing social harmony through proper relationships and duties.
Flashcard 2: Which empire posed a significant threat to Song China, eventually leading to its downfall?
Answer: Mongol Empire. Mongols conquered Song China and established the Yuan Dynasty in 1279.
Flashcard 3: Which innovation in agriculture significantly increased rice production in China?
Answer: Champa rice. Fast-ripening variety from Vietnam that allowed multiple harvests per year.
Flashcard 4: Identify the Chinese dynasty known for its naval explorations under Admiral Zheng He.
Answer: Ming Dynasty. Sponsored seven massive maritime expeditions to Southeast Asia and Indian Ocean.
Flashcard 5: What was the examination system used to recruit officials in imperial China?
Answer: Civil service exam. Merit-based system that created scholar-bureaucrat class in imperial China.
Flashcard 6: What was the primary purpose of the Ming voyages led by Zheng He?
Answer: Establishing trade and diplomatic relations. Massive fleets demonstrated Chinese naval power and expanded tribute system.
Flashcard 7: Which dynasty is known for the construction of the Forbidden City?
Answer: Ming Dynasty. Ming emperors built this imperial palace complex in Beijing.
Flashcard 8: What was the primary currency innovation during the Song Dynasty?
Answer: Paper money. World's first government-issued currency replaced heavy metal coins.
Flashcard 9: What was the significance of the Yuan Dynasty's rule in China?
Answer: Mongol governance and cultural assimilation. Foreign dynasty that introduced new administrative and cultural practices.
Flashcard 10: Name the famous painting style developed during the Song Dynasty.
Answer: Landscape painting. Song artists perfected nature scenes expressing philosophical ideals.
Flashcard 11: Identify the key maritime technology developed during the Song Dynasty.
Answer: Junk ships. Advanced sailing vessels with watertight compartments and efficient design.
Flashcard 12: What structure did the Ming Dynasty reinforce to protect against northern invasions?
Answer: The Great Wall. Ming restoration project strengthened border defenses against nomads.
Flashcard 13: Which technological innovation in warfare did the Mongols introduce to China?
Answer: Mounted archery. Mongol cavalry tactics revolutionized Chinese military strategy.
Flashcard 14: What was the cultural impact of the Mongol Empire on Yuan China?
Answer: Cultural exchange and diversity. Mongol rule brought foreign influences and cosmopolitan culture to China.
Flashcard 15: Name the form of government in Japan that emerged during the Kamakura period.
Answer: Shogunate. Military dictatorship that replaced imperial rule in medieval Japan.
Flashcard 16: Which dynasty is credited with the development of porcelain production?
Answer: Song Dynasty. Song artisans perfected fine ceramic techniques for luxury goods.
Flashcard 17: Which material, vital for military advancements, was mass-produced in Song China?
Answer: Gunpowder. Song innovations in explosive technology revolutionized warfare and mining.
Flashcard 18: Identify the Song Dynasty's contribution to maritime navigation.
Answer: Magnetic compass. Revolutionary navigation tool that enabled long-distance maritime exploration.
Flashcard 19: What was the primary focus of Neo-Confucianism in Song China?
Answer: Moral and ethical philosophy. Song scholars synthesized Confucian ethics with metaphysical principles.
Flashcard 20: Which Mongol leader established the Yuan Dynasty in China?
Answer: Kublai Khan. Mongol ruler who completed the conquest of Song China in 1279.
Flashcard 21: Which emperor initiated the construction of the Grand Canal?
Answer: Emperor Yang of Sui. Sui ruler who connected northern and southern China via waterway.
Flashcard 22: What was the primary architectural style of Buddhist temples in Song China?
Answer: Pagoda. Multi-story towers characteristic of Buddhist temple architecture.
Flashcard 23: Name the famous Chinese poet from the Tang Dynasty known for his romantic poetry.
Answer: Li Bai. Celebrated Tang poet known for spontaneous and emotional verse.
Flashcard 24: Identify the primary export product of China during the Song Dynasty.
Answer: Silk. Luxury textile remained China's most valuable trade commodity.
Flashcard 25: Which social class gained influence due to the civil service exam system in China?
Answer: Scholar-gentry. Educated elite who dominated government through examination system success.
Flashcard 26: Which philosophy emphasized filial piety and hierarchical relationships in East Asia?
Answer: Confucianism. Core philosophy emphasizing social harmony through proper relationships and duties.
Flashcard 27: Which technological innovation in warfare did the Mongols introduce to China?
Answer: Mounted archery. Mongol cavalry tactics revolutionized Chinese military strategy.
Flashcard 28: Which dynasty is known for the construction of the Forbidden City?
Answer: Ming Dynasty. Ming emperors built this imperial palace complex in Beijing.
Flashcard 29: What was the impact of the Black Death on Yuan China?
Answer: Population decline. Pandemic devastated Yuan China's demographics and economy.
Flashcard 30: What was the result of the An Lushan Rebellion on the Tang Dynasty?
Answer: Weakened central authority. Major revolt that permanently damaged Tang imperial power and unity.