Withdrawal is the term used to describe the symptoms that occur when a person ends the use of an addictive substance. Withdrawl can result following either a mental or physical addiction. Withdrawl symptoms can vary, but frequently include shaking, vomiting, nausea, and anxiety.

Tolerance is the phenomena wherein a subject's reaction to a drug decreases, causing a need for a more concentrated dose to achieve the same reaction Addiction is when a subject ingests a substance or engages in an activity that can be pleasureable in the short-run, but detrimental in the long-run. Dependence occurs when a subject is addicted to a substance or activity and is unable to behave independently of that stimulus.

Unconditional positive regard is a concept created by humanistic psychologist, Carl Rogers. This term involves the therapist accepting and supporting the client regardless of what he or she says or does. This is a core tenet of client-centered therapy.

Aaron Beck is a psychatrist who is credited with creating cognitive therapy for disorders such as depression and anxiety. His theories are still very influential on modern therapy. He also created the Beck Depression Inventory, one of the most widely used assessments for depression.

Electroconvulsive therapy is the use of electric shock to produce convulsions and treat drug-resistant or particularly severe psychiatric disorders. It is frequently seen as a last resort.

Phototherapy is treatment with bright white fluorescent lights, generally used to treat seasonal disorders. Behavorial therapy is used to change maladaptive behaviors such as smoking or alcohol abuse. Cognitive therapy is used to remove negative thoughts that harm a person's emotional health. Psychotherapy is any means of treating psychiatric disorders by mental rather than pharmacological means.

Carl Roger's humanistic therapy involves active listening (asking questions and reflecting on what the client says), empathy, unconditional positive regard (the therapist is always kind and respectful of the patient no matter what happens), and non-directiveness (the therapist tries to help the client reach a solution rather than telling them what to do). Mindfulness meditation is a technique more often associated with cognitive therapy.

Psychosurgery most often involved a prefrontal lobotomy, which involved taking out a part of or the whole prefrontal cortex. People hypothesized that the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for our conscious thought, went awry in the minds of mentally ill people and that taking it out would cure their mental illness. The results, however, were often tragic and mentally ill people would be left in a vegetative state.

Humanistic therapy focuses on boosting patient's self-fulfillment via growth in self-awareness and self-acceptance. Active listening is a technique that may be used in humanistic therapies, such as client-centered therapy, but is a tool used within that kind of therapy, not a discrete kind of therapy unto itself. The other options would be considered behavioral therapy.

Systematic desensitization is the best answer as it is a behavioral technique that is most often used to extinguish a phobia. Counterconditioning and aversive conditioning are also behavioral forms of therapy; however, they are not the most successful ways of extinguishing phobias. Self-actualization is a humanistic form of therapy.

Aurelia's therapist is most certainly a humanistic therapist. That is to say, her therapist is trained as person-centered (also known as client-centered) clinician following the theory of Carl Rogers. According to this approach, the three primary components of effective therapy are unconditional positive regard, empathy, and authenticity. This approach, unlike the others, also stresses the role of human freedom (sometimes, this is referred to as free will).

Dream analysis, free association, and projective tests are all used by psychodynamic therapists to reveal the unconscious conflicts that cause clients' behaviors. Systematic desensitization is a behavioral technique used by therapists to help clients cope with anxiety or phobias through counterconditioning.