Laboratory observation allows the researcher to have more control over the experiment and to be able to utilize more precise equipment. In naturalistic observation the researcher is observing the organism in their natural environment which gives the researcher no control of the environment. In both case studies and surveys the participant is giving the information from their point of view which also does not allow the researcher control of the experiment.

Random assignment is the only term that is incorrectly matched. Random assignment involves assignment to experimental and control groups. It ensures that each participant has an equal chance of being assigned to a group. On the other hand, random selection refers to each member of a group having an equal chance of being selected for the study.

EEG is the only technique listed in the possible answers section capable of monitoring an electrical current. EEGs, electroencephalograms, are amplified waves of the electrical activity that are found along the surface of the brain.

Since case studies only involve one situation, they may lead to the over-generalization of a condition that is rare and/or specific to a certain situation.

A theory is a statement, concept, or idea that tries to explain some particular phenomenon or pattern in a particular field. A good theory makes a number of claims, all which can be concretely proven through thorough and extensive research that is both valid and reliable.

Genetics can play a huge role in many areas of development, including mental and physical capacities. While many environmental factors such as prenatal environment, nutrition, upbringing, socialization, and personal experience can have dramatic impacts on development, genes will have huge influence over, in particular, physical appearance, natural inclinations or abilities, brain development, and fine motor skills. While all of these factors may also be influenced by environmental and other factors, for instance one's physical appearance can be altered by a scar, or one's fine motor skills can be refined with training and practice, the strong influence of genetics on these areas is beyond dispute.

Basic research aims to answer questions that are of concern to a particular field. These questions are more of general interest and can be much more for knowledge's own sake as opposed to means toward a specific end. For instance, trying to answer why the sky is blue doesn't have much practical application, but answers an interesting question.

Applied research aims to apply research in some concrete way. For example, researchers may try to answer specific questions so that they can develop a cure or treatment plan for particular illnesses.

Surveys rely solely on answers that were given to the participants therefore in certain categories (like in sex studies) subjects may give false answers in order to maintain social order. Although it is difficult to get a representative sample of the population, it is possible to get a sample that is large enough and random enough to represent the whole population. Survey questions can readily be made to be objective. Surveys are relatively easy to perform once participation is addressed.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI differs from MRIs in that it shows both the brain's structure and the functions of its constituent parts. They perform this by using a technique to observe blood flow in the brain rather than just magnetic fields that are used by traditional MRIs.

The first step is to observe a phenomenon that can bear scientific study.

The second step is to form a hypothesis that can be tested experimentally.

The third step is to test that hypothesis through empirical research.

The fourth step is to analyze the data that was obtained to draw a conclusion about the findings.

The fifth step is to evaluate one's theory in light of the results of quantitative research.

The correct answer is Observation, Hypothesis, Testing, Analysis, Evaluation.