AP Psychology Flashcards: Social Emotional Development Across The Lifespan

What this deck covers

This deck focuses on Social Emotional Development Across The Lifespan, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for AP Psychology.

How to use these flashcards

Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Flashcard 1: Identify the attachment style with low anxiety and avoidance.

Answer: Secure Attachment. Children feel comfortable exploring with caregivers as a safe base.

Flashcard 2: Name Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development.

Answer: Industry vs. Inferiority. School-age children develop competence or feel inadequate compared to peers.

Flashcard 3: Identify the term for one's overall sense of self-worth.

Answer: Self-esteem. The subjective evaluation of one's personal worth and value.

Flashcard 4: Identify the key social-emotional task of early childhood.

Answer: Developing autonomy. Toddlers assert independence while maintaining caregiver relationships.

Flashcard 5: What is the concept of viewing oneself as a unique individual?

Answer: Self-concept. One's personal understanding of their own identity and characteristics.

Flashcard 6: What is the main focus of social-emotional development in infancy?

Answer: Forming secure attachments. Infants learn to trust caregivers through consistent emotional responses.

Flashcard 7: What is a primary social-emotional focus during adolescence?

Answer: Identity formation. Adolescents explore values and roles to establish personal identity.

Flashcard 8: Which theory emphasizes the influence of social interactions on development?

Answer: Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky's theory emphasizes cultural context in shaping development.

Flashcard 9: What is the primary conflict in Erikson's sixth stage?

Answer: Intimacy vs. Isolation. Young adults seek meaningful relationships or face social isolation.

Flashcard 10: Identify the term for one's overall sense of self-worth.

Answer: Self-esteem. The subjective evaluation of one's personal worth and value.

Flashcard 11: Identify the term for recognizing and understanding another's feelings.

Answer: Empathy. The ability to share and understand another person's emotional experience.

Flashcard 12: In which stage does Erikson emphasize the importance of peer relationships?

Answer: Industry vs. Inferiority. Children develop competence through social comparison with classmates.

Flashcard 13: What is the term for the ability to delay gratification?

Answer: Self-control. The capacity to resist impulses and wait for better outcomes.

Flashcard 14: Which term describes the influence of peers in adolescence?

Answer: Peer Influence. Friends become increasingly important in shaping adolescent behavior.

Flashcard 15: Identify the stage where Erikson highlights the challenge of establishing fidelity.

Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion. Adolescents develop commitment and loyalty to chosen values.

Flashcard 16: What is Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development?

Answer: Trust vs. Mistrust. Infants develop basic trust through consistent caregiver responses to their needs.

Flashcard 17: Identify the attachment style with low anxiety and avoidance.

Answer: Secure Attachment. Children feel comfortable exploring with caregivers as a safe base.

Flashcard 18: What is the primary conflict in Erikson's sixth stage?

Answer: Intimacy vs. Isolation. Young adults seek meaningful relationships or face social isolation.

Flashcard 19: What is the main focus of social-emotional development in infancy?

Answer: Forming secure attachments. Infants learn to trust caregivers through consistent emotional responses.

Flashcard 20: Which attachment style is marked by independence and detachment?

Answer: Avoidant Attachment. Children maintain distance from caregivers and suppress emotions.

Flashcard 21: What is the primary conflict in Erikson's third stage of development?

Answer: Initiative vs. Guilt. Preschoolers balance taking initiative with avoiding guilt over their actions.

Flashcard 22: Identify the psychosocial crisis in Erikson's second stage.

Answer: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. Toddlers struggle between independence and self-doubt in their abilities.

Flashcard 23: Which attachment style is marked by independence and detachment?

Answer: Avoidant Attachment. Children maintain distance from caregivers and suppress emotions.

Flashcard 24: What is Erikson's final stage of psychosocial development?

Answer: Integrity vs. Despair. Elderly adults reflect on life satisfaction or experience regret.

Flashcard 25: What is Erikson's first stage of psychosocial development?

Answer: Trust vs. Mistrust. Infants develop basic trust through consistent caregiver responses to their needs.

Flashcard 26: What is the term for the emotional bond between a child and caregiver?

Answer: Attachment. The deep emotional connection between infant and primary caregiver.

Flashcard 27: What is the term for the capacity to form close, loving relationships?

Answer: Intimacy. The ability to form deep, meaningful connections with others.

Flashcard 28: What attachment style involves high anxiety and avoidance?

Answer: Disorganized Attachment. Children display contradictory behaviors due to chaotic caregiving.

Flashcard 29: Which psychologist is associated with the theory of Attachment?

Answer: John Bowlby. British psychologist who developed attachment theory in the 1960s.

Flashcard 30: What is the primary concern of social-emotional development in young adulthood?

Answer: Establishing intimate bonds. Young adults prioritize forming romantic and committed relationships.

Flashcard 31: Which theory emphasizes the influence of social interactions on development?

Answer: Sociocultural Theory. Vygotsky's theory emphasizes cultural context in shaping development.

Flashcard 32: In adulthood, what is a central social-emotional task?

Answer: Developing intimate relationships. Adults focus on forming romantic partnerships and close friendships.

Flashcard 33: Which style of parenting is associated with high warmth and high control?

Answer: Authoritative Parenting. Balances emotional support with clear expectations and boundaries.

Flashcard 34: What is the ability to recover from adversity known as?

Answer: Resilience. The capacity to bounce back from difficult life experiences.

Flashcard 35: What is the term for the ability to delay gratification?

Answer: Self-control. The capacity to resist impulses and wait for better outcomes.

Flashcard 36: Identify the parenting style characterized by high control and low warmth.

Answer: Authoritarian Parenting. Emphasizes obedience and discipline with little emotional warmth.

Flashcard 37: Identify the key social-emotional task of early childhood.

Answer: Developing autonomy. Toddlers assert independence while maintaining caregiver relationships.

Flashcard 38: Identify the stage where Erikson highlights the challenge of establishing fidelity.

Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion. Adolescents develop commitment and loyalty to chosen values.

Flashcard 39: Which parenting style is marked by low warmth and low control?

Answer: Neglectful Parenting. Lacks both emotional involvement and behavioral expectations.

Flashcard 40: What is the term for the social and psychological aspects of being male or female?

Answer: Gender Identity. One's sense of being masculine, feminine, or another gender category.

Flashcard 41: In which stage does Erikson emphasize the importance of peer relationships?

Answer: Industry vs. Inferiority. Children develop competence through social comparison with classmates.

Flashcard 42: Name Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development.

Answer: Industry vs. Inferiority. School-age children develop competence or feel inadequate compared to peers.

Flashcard 43: What is the ability to recover from adversity known as?

Answer: Resilience. The capacity to bounce back from difficult life experiences.

Flashcard 44: Which attachment style is characterized by anxiety and uncertainty?

Answer: Ambivalent Attachment. Children show inconsistent responses due to unpredictable caregiving.

Flashcard 45: What is the focus of social-emotional development during middle childhood?

Answer: Achievement and competence. Children develop skills and confidence through academic and social success.

Flashcard 46: What is the primary conflict in Erikson's third stage of development?

Answer: Initiative vs. Guilt. Preschoolers balance taking initiative with avoiding guilt over their actions.

Flashcard 47: Which style of parenting is associated with high warmth and high control?

Answer: Authoritative Parenting. Balances emotional support with clear expectations and boundaries.

Flashcard 48: What term describes the ability to understand and manage emotions?

Answer: Emotional Intelligence. The capacity to perceive, understand, and regulate emotional responses.

Flashcard 49: Which attachment style is characterized by anxiety and uncertainty?

Answer: Ambivalent Attachment. Children show inconsistent responses due to unpredictable caregiving.

Flashcard 50: What is Erikson's final stage of psychosocial development?

Answer: Integrity vs. Despair. Elderly adults reflect on life satisfaction or experience regret.

Flashcard 51: Which psychologist is associated with the theory of Attachment?

Answer: John Bowlby. British psychologist who developed attachment theory in the 1960s.

Flashcard 52: Identify the type of attachment formed through consistent caregiver responsiveness.

Answer: Secure Attachment. Results from reliable, sensitive caregiver responses to infant needs.

Flashcard 53: Which term describes the influence of peers in adolescence?

Answer: Peer Influence. Friends become increasingly important in shaping adolescent behavior.

Flashcard 54: In Erikson's theory, what is the crisis of adolescence?

Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion. Teenagers explore different roles to develop a coherent sense of self.

Flashcard 55: What parenting style involves low control and high warmth?

Answer: Permissive Parenting. Provides emotional support but lacks structure and boundaries.

Flashcard 56: In adulthood, what is a central social-emotional task?

Answer: Developing intimate relationships. Adults focus on forming romantic partnerships and close friendships.

Flashcard 57: What is a common social-emotional challenge in late adulthood?

Answer: Reflecting on life integrity. Older adults evaluate their life choices and overall satisfaction.

Flashcard 58: Which parenting style is marked by low warmth and low control?

Answer: Neglectful Parenting. Lacks both emotional involvement and behavioral expectations.

Flashcard 59: What is the focus of social-emotional development during middle childhood?

Answer: Achievement and competence. Children develop skills and confidence through academic and social success.

Flashcard 60: Identify the term for recognizing and understanding another's feelings.

Answer: Empathy. The ability to share and understand another person's emotional experience.

Flashcard 61: Identify the parenting style characterized by high control and low warmth.

Answer: Authoritarian Parenting. Emphasizes obedience and discipline with little emotional warmth.

Flashcard 62: What is a common social-emotional challenge in late adulthood?

Answer: Reflecting on life integrity. Older adults evaluate their life choices and overall satisfaction.

Flashcard 63: What parenting style involves low control and high warmth?

Answer: Permissive Parenting. Provides emotional support but lacks structure and boundaries.

Flashcard 64: Name the theory that suggests development is a lifelong process.

Answer: Lifespan Development Theory. Development continues from birth to death across all domains.

Flashcard 65: In Erikson's theory, what is the crisis of adolescence?

Answer: Identity vs. Role Confusion. Teenagers explore different roles to develop a coherent sense of self.

Flashcard 66: Name the theory that suggests development is a lifelong process.

Answer: Lifespan Development Theory. Development continues from birth to death across all domains.

Flashcard 67: Identify the psychosocial crisis in Erikson's second stage.

Answer: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt. Toddlers struggle between independence and self-doubt in their abilities.

Flashcard 68: What attachment style involves high anxiety and avoidance?

Answer: Disorganized Attachment. Children display contradictory behaviors due to chaotic caregiving.

Flashcard 69: Which concept refers to the ability to adapt to new situations?

Answer: Resilience. The psychological flexibility to adjust to changing circumstances.

Flashcard 70: What is the term for the social and psychological aspects of being male or female?

Answer: Gender Identity. One's sense of being masculine, feminine, or another gender category.

Flashcard 71: Which concept refers to the ability to adapt to new situations?

Answer: Resilience. The psychological flexibility to adjust to changing circumstances.

Flashcard 72: Which concept refers to adults supporting the next generation?

Answer: Generativity. Contributing to future generations through parenting or mentoring.

Flashcard 73: What is the concept of viewing oneself as a unique individual?

Answer: Self-concept. One's personal understanding of their own identity and characteristics.

Flashcard 74: Which concept refers to adults supporting the next generation?

Answer: Generativity. Contributing to future generations through parenting or mentoring.

Flashcard 75: What term describes the ability to understand and manage emotions?

Answer: Emotional Intelligence. The capacity to perceive, understand, and regulate emotional responses.

Flashcard 76: Identify the psychosocial crisis in Erikson's seventh stage.

Answer: Generativity vs. Stagnation. Middle-aged adults contribute to society or become self-absorbed.

Flashcard 77: What is the term for the capacity to form close, loving relationships?

Answer: Intimacy. The ability to form deep, meaningful connections with others.

Flashcard 78: Identify the type of attachment formed through consistent caregiver responsiveness.

Answer: Secure Attachment. Results from reliable, sensitive caregiver responses to infant needs.

Flashcard 79: What is the primary concern of social-emotional development in young adulthood?

Answer: Establishing intimate bonds. Young adults prioritize forming romantic and committed relationships.

Flashcard 80: What is the term for the emotional bond between a child and caregiver?

Answer: Attachment. The deep emotional connection between infant and primary caregiver.

Flashcard 81: Identify the psychosocial crisis in Erikson's seventh stage.

Answer: Generativity vs. Stagnation. Middle-aged adults contribute to society or become self-absorbed.

Flashcard 82: What is a primary social-emotional focus during adolescence?

Answer: Identity formation. Adolescents explore values and roles to establish personal identity.