All flashcards
Flashcard 1: Identify the process of becoming aware of one's internal experiences in humanistic therapy.
Answer: Self-awareness. Developing conscious understanding of one's thoughts and feelings.
Flashcard 2: What is the term for the individual's perception of self in humanistic theory?
Answer: Self-concept. Rogers' central concept of how people view themselves.
Flashcard 3: Which theory emphasizes the role of free will in shaping personality?
Answer: Humanistic theory. Believes individuals can choose their actions and shape destiny.
Flashcard 4: Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts to others?
Answer: Projection. Unconsciously assigns one's own traits to other people.
Flashcard 5: What is the main criticism of Freud's theories?
Answer: Lack of empirical support. Theories are difficult to test scientifically and objectively.
Flashcard 6: What is the key concept of Carl Rogers' theory of personality?
Answer: Self-concept. Individual's overall perception and understanding of themselves.
Flashcard 7: Identify the concept of 'archetypes' in Jung's theory.
Answer: Universal, symbolic images in the collective unconscious. Jung's inherited, universal patterns shared across all humanity.
Flashcard 8: What is the defense mechanism of transforming unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable actions?
Answer: Sublimation. Channels inappropriate impulses into positive, constructive activities.
Flashcard 9: What is the opposite of the life instinct in Freud's theory?
Answer: Thanatos (death instinct). Destructive drive toward aggression and self-destruction.
Flashcard 10: Which psychodynamic theorist emphasized birth order's impact on personality?
Answer: Alfred Adler. Individual psychology founder who studied sibling relationships' effects.
Flashcard 11: What is the main focus of Carl Jung's analytical psychology?
Answer: Collective unconscious and archetypes. Jung's theory emphasizing shared human symbols and experiences.
Flashcard 12: Which Freudian stage involves the resolution of the Oedipus complex?
Answer: Phallic stage. Third psychosexual stage where complex is typically resolved.
Flashcard 13: What is the primary function of defense mechanisms?
Answer: Protect the ego from anxiety. Shields consciousness from threatening or anxiety-provoking thoughts.
Flashcard 14: Which psychodynamic theorist emphasized birth order's impact on personality?
Answer: Alfred Adler. Individual psychology founder who studied sibling relationships' effects.
Flashcard 15: Identify the humanistic theory concept that involves the actualizing tendency.
Answer: Self-actualization. Rogers' term for the inherent drive toward personal growth.
Flashcard 16: What is the main focus of Carl Jung's analytical psychology?
Answer: Collective unconscious and archetypes. Jung's theory emphasizing shared human symbols and experiences.
Flashcard 17: Which Freudian stage involves the resolution of the Oedipus complex?
Answer: Phallic stage. Third psychosexual stage where complex is typically resolved.
Flashcard 18: Which psychodynamic theorist introduced the concept of 'basic anxiety'?
Answer: Karen Horney. Neo-Freudian who focused on childhood insecurity and anxiety.
Flashcard 19: What is the primary function of defense mechanisms?
Answer: Protect the ego from anxiety. Shields consciousness from threatening or anxiety-provoking thoughts.
Flashcard 20: What is the main goal of psychoanalytic therapy?
Answer: Bring unconscious material to consciousness. Makes repressed conflicts and memories available to conscious awareness.
Flashcard 21: What is the primary focus of psychodynamic theories of personality?
Answer: Unconscious processes influencing behavior. Emphasizes hidden mental forces shaping thoughts and actions.
Flashcard 22: Identify the founder of psychoanalytic theory.
Answer: Sigmund Freud. Austrian neurologist who developed psychoanalysis in the late 1800s.
Flashcard 23: What are the three components of Freud's model of personality?
Answer: Id, Ego, Superego. Three-part structural model representing different aspects of the mind.
Flashcard 24: Which psychosexual stage involves fixation on oral activities?
Answer: Oral stage. First stage (0-18 months) focused on mouth as pleasure source.
Flashcard 25: During which psychosexual stage does the Oedipus complex occur?
Answer: Phallic stage. Third stage (3-6 years) when children develop attraction to opposite-sex parent.
Flashcard 26: What is the role of the ego according to Freud?
Answer: Mediates between id, superego, and reality. Reality principle governs this rational, balancing component.
Flashcard 27: What defense mechanism involves redirecting emotions to a safer object?
Answer: Displacement. Transfers feelings from threatening target to less threatening substitute.
Flashcard 28: Identify the defense mechanism characterized by refusing to accept reality.
Answer: Denial. Unconsciously blocks out painful or threatening information.
Flashcard 29: What is the main focus of humanistic theories of personality?
Answer: Personal growth and self-actualization. Emphasizes human potential and positive psychological development.
Flashcard 30: Who developed the hierarchy of needs concept?
Answer: Abraham Maslow. American psychologist who created the famous pyramid of human needs.