All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is perception in psychology?
Answer: Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. It transforms raw sensory data into meaningful experiences.
Flashcard 2: Identify the Gestalt principle of closure.
Answer: Closure is the tendency to perceive incomplete figures as complete. The mind fills in missing parts to create whole forms.
Flashcard 3: What is the Gestalt principle of proximity?
Answer: Proximity is grouping objects close to each other as part of a group. Objects near each other are seen as belonging together.
Flashcard 4: Define the Gestalt principle of similarity.
Answer: Similarity is grouping objects that are similar in appearance. Items sharing characteristics are perceived as related.
Flashcard 5: Which Gestalt principle involves perceiving a series of points as a line?
Answer: The principle of continuity. We perceive smooth, continuous paths rather than abrupt changes.
Flashcard 6: What is depth perception?
Answer: Depth perception is the ability to perceive the world in three dimensions. It allows us to judge distance and spatial relationships.
Flashcard 7: Identify the binocular cue involving the inward angle of the eyes.
Answer: Convergence. Eyes turn inward more for closer objects.
Flashcard 8: What is the role of retinal disparity in depth perception?
Answer: Retinal disparity provides depth cues from the difference between two eyes' images. Slightly different images from each eye create depth.
Flashcard 9: What is the monocular cue of linear perspective?
Answer: Parallel lines appear to converge with distance. Creates illusion of depth through vanishing points.
Flashcard 10: What is the cocktail party effect?
Answer: The cocktail party effect is the ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment. Selective attention filters competing auditory stimuli.
Flashcard 11: What is the function of the visual cortex?
Answer: The visual cortex processes visual information from the eyes. Interprets visual signals into meaningful images.
Flashcard 12: What is perception in psychology?
Answer: Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. It transforms raw sensory data into meaningful experiences.
Flashcard 13: Identify the Gestalt principle of closure.
Answer: Closure is the tendency to perceive incomplete figures as complete. The mind fills in missing parts to create whole forms.
Flashcard 14: What is the role of schemas in perception?
Answer: Schemas organize and interpret information, influencing perception. Mental frameworks guide information processing and understanding.
Flashcard 15: Define the monocular cue of interposition.
Answer: Interposition is when one object overlaps another, perceived as closer. Overlapping objects signal depth relationships.
Flashcard 16: What is the role of texture gradient in perception?
Answer: Texture gradient is the detail loss with distance, aiding depth perception. Objects appear less detailed as distance increases.
Flashcard 17: What is perceptual constancy?
Answer: Perceptual constancy is perceiving objects as unchanging despite changes in sensory input. Maintains stable perception despite changing sensory conditions.
Flashcard 18: Define size constancy.
Answer: Size constancy is perceiving objects as having a constant size despite distance changes. Objects maintain perceived size regardless of viewing distance.
Flashcard 19: What is shape constancy?
Answer: Shape constancy is perceiving objects as having a constant shape despite angle changes. Objects appear same shape from different viewing angles.
Flashcard 20: What is the Müller-Lyer illusion?
Answer: It is a visual illusion where lines of the same length appear different due to arrow-like ends. Arrow-like fins make equal lines appear unequal.
Flashcard 21: Identify the Ames Room illusion.
Answer: Ames Room illusion distorts perception of size and shape due to irregular room design. Trapezoidal room creates false size perceptions.
Flashcard 22: What is bottom-up processing?
Answer: Bottom-up processing is perception starting from sensory input. Raw sensory data is processed without prior knowledge.
Flashcard 23: What is top-down processing?
Answer: Top-down processing is perception guided by higher-level mental processes. Prior knowledge and expectations shape interpretation.
Flashcard 24: Identify the concept of selective attention.
Answer: Selective attention is focusing on a particular stimulus while ignoring others. Concentrates mental resources on relevant information.
Flashcard 25: What is the cocktail party effect?
Answer: The cocktail party effect is the ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment. Selective attention filters competing auditory stimuli.
Flashcard 26: Define inattentional blindness.
Answer: Inattentional blindness is failing to see visible objects when attention is directed elsewhere. Focused attention creates blind spots to other stimuli.
Flashcard 27: What is change blindness?
Answer: Change blindness is failing to notice changes in the environment. Attention limits prevent noticing environmental alterations.
Flashcard 28: Identify an example of a perceptual set.
Answer: A perceptual set is expecting to see a friend in a crowd and mistakenly identifying strangers as them. Mental expectations bias visual recognition processes.
Flashcard 29: What is the role of context in perception?
Answer: Context influences how we perceive sensory information. Environmental factors modify sensory interpretation.
Flashcard 30: What is the law of Prägnanz in Gestalt psychology?
Answer: It is the tendency to perceive the simplest form of a visual field. Gestalt principle favoring simple, organized patterns.