Images Formed by Mirrors - AP Physics 2

$f = \infty$ (infinite). Plane surfaces don't converge or diverge rays, so no focal point exists.

$m = 0.5$. Using $m = -\frac{d_i}{d_o} = -\frac{-5}{10} = 0.5$.

Positive if object is in front of mirror. Objects in front of mirrors have positive distances by convention.

Image is real, inverted, and same size. At center of curvature, object and image distances equal $2f$.

Image is virtual. Negative image distance indicates virtual image behind mirror.

$h_i = m \times h_o$. Image height equals magnification times object height.

Image is the same size as the object. When $h_i = h_o$, magnification equals 1, indicating same size.

Convex mirror. Wide field of view helps monitor large areas effectively.

The point where parallel rays converge or appear to diverge. Defines where parallel incident rays meet after reflection.

Image is inverted. Negative magnification means image is flipped relative to object.

Real, inverted, same size. At twice focal length, object and image are same size.

Plane mirror. Plane mirrors create life-size images suitable for full body viewing.

$h_i = 8 \text{ cm}$. Using $h_i = m \times h_o = 2 \times 4 = 8$ cm.

Virtual, upright, and the same size as the object. Plane mirrors reflect light at equal angles, creating laterally inverted images.

Magnification $m = \frac{h_i}{h_o} = -\frac{d_i}{d_o}$. Negative sign accounts for real vs virtual image distinction.

Virtual, upright, and reduced in size. Convex mirrors diverge light rays, preventing real image formation.

Image is always virtual. Plane mirrors cannot form real images due to flat surface.

Virtual, upright, reduced. Convex mirrors always produce diminished virtual images regardless of position.

$R = 2f$. Radius is twice the focal length for spherical mirrors.

$m = -\frac{d_i}{d_o}$. Magnification equals negative ratio of image to object distance.

Upright. Plane mirrors always produce upright, non-inverted images.

Between the focal point and the center of curvature. Real image forms between $f$ and center when object is beyond center.

No image is formed. At focal point, reflected rays become parallel with no convergence.

$\frac{1}{f} = \frac{1}{d_o} + \frac{1}{d_i}$. Fundamental equation relating focal length to object and image distances.

Virtual, upright, and reduced in size. Convex mirrors diverge light rays, preventing real image formation.

$f = \infty$ (infinite). Plane surfaces don't converge or diverge rays, so no focal point exists.

$m = 0.5$. Using $m = -\frac{d_i}{d_o} = -\frac{-5}{10} = 0.5$.

Convex mirror. Convex mirrors provide wide field of view for safety.

$f = 10 \text{ cm}$. Using $f = \frac{R}{2} = \frac{20}{2} = 10$ cm.