AP Microeconomics

Advanced Placement Microeconomics analyzing individual economic decision-making.

Practical Applications

Price Controls and Real-World Outcomes

When Governments Set Prices

Sometimes, governments step in and set maximum or minimum prices for goods and services. These are called price controls.

Types of Price Controls

  • Price ceiling: A legal maximum price (like rent control).
  • Price floor: A legal minimum price (like minimum wage).

What Happens Next?

Price controls can cause shortages (not enough to go around) or surpluses (too much left over). For example, if rent is capped too low, landlords might not want to rent out apartments, leading to a housing shortage.

Why Do It?

Governments use price controls to help certain groups, but they can have unintended side effects.

Everyday Impacts

Price controls can affect what you pay for gas, your paycheck, and the availability of things you need.

Examples

  • When the government sets a minimum wage above the market rate, some workers may earn more, but others may lose their jobs due to higher labor costs.

  • Rent control can help tenants afford housing, but may lead to fewer apartments available for rent.

Price Controls and Real-World Outcomes - AP Microeconomics Content | Practice Hub