The correct answer is the 12th Amendment. Interestingly enough, and mostly because the Founders simply didn’t envision political parties, the President and Vice President were the winner and the runner up, respectively, of the Electoral College. Now, theoretically, that may make sense. Realistically, however, think of the perversion that parties create in this system: the most popular party will win President, and the second-most popular (almost necessarily the opposition party) would be the VP. This creates a very unhappy White House; indeed that’s exactly what happened in 1796. John Adams, a Federalist, wins the presidency, and Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican won the second-most votes, thereby securing the vice-presidency.

This Amendment came about mainly due to the fact that people were upset that those below 21 were being drafted into the military and sent to Vietnam, but could not have any impact on was in government. Many young people, particularly college students, believed that their voices should be officially counted, especially if they were going to have to serve in the military. This Amendment was eventually ratified in 1971 due to mounting pressure from the public.

Prior to the 20th Amendment the president-elect would not officially be inaugurated and take office until March. This proved very problematic in a couple instances, notably with President Lincoln, who was delayed in dealing with the secession of the Southern states, and also with President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who was delayed in reacting to the Great Depression. Congress realized that this lame-duck period was causing a lot of harm to the country and passed this Amendment, which was ratified in 1933. It moved up the inauguration to January and made it easier for the new president to start working on implementing new policy.

Straightforward question here. Congress can pass, by a vote, a proposed amendment. Alternatively, of the state legislatures can call for a constitutional convention in order to propose an amendment. That said, the details on that particular avenue are relatively fuzzy, as it has never happened in the history of our country. Thus, every single amendment has been proposed by of Congress and then sent to the states for ratification.

The 27th Amendment was passed in 1992 even though it had actually been submitted in 1789 by James Madison. While the Amendment was not ratified at the time, the Amendment was unique in that it did not contain a deadline for when the Amendment had to be ratified by and while states had occasionally ratified it over the years, a big push was initiated in the 1980s, which resulted in its passage. The Amendment states that if Congress raises its salary that the raise will not be implemented until the next term of the U.S. House of Representatives intervenes. The Amendment helps discourage efforts by Congress to give themselves raises because there is a chance that they will not profit from them.

The 5th Amendment provides various protections for those who have been accused of a crime, including that “nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb.” This means that people are protected from double jeopardy, the practice of the government prosecuting someone twice for the same offense.

The Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution establishes that the Senate should not longer be chosen by State Legislatures, but should be the result of a direct election of the people. As part of the broader historical context of the United States, it may be seen as part of the gradual extension of suffrage rights to the common man that took place over the first century or so of American history. It was passed in 1913 as the culmination of the Progressive movement, led by figures like William Jennings Bryan and Theodore Roosevelt, who advocated for greater faith and power being placed in the hands of the common man. The prohibition of alcohol was passed with the Eighteenth Amendment, and repealed with the Twenty-First; women were granted the same suffrage rights as men with the Nineteenth Amendment; a two-term limit was established for the President with the Twenty-Second Amendment.

The Eighteenth Amendment, passed in 1919, prohibited the sale and consumption of alcohol and represents the official beginning of the Prohibition era in American history. In 1933, fourteen years later, the Twenty-First Amendment repealed the Eighteenth Amendment and made the consumption of alcohol legal again. The Nineteenth Amendment granted women the right to vote. The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments relate to the expansion of civil and democratic rights to freed slaves in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War.

The 27th Amendment delays the enactment of Congress's pay changes until after the next election.

"No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened."

The 24th Amendment eliminated poll taxes. The 15th Amendment gave all citizens the right to vote no matter what their race. The 22nd Amendment set the term limit for the president.

The 19th Amendment allowed for women's suffrage. Abolition of poll taxes is addressed in the 24th amendment, individual income tax in the 16th amendment, a shortened lame duck period in the 20th amendment, and limitations of congressional salary in the 27th amendment.