All flashcards
Flashcard 1: What is a key characteristic of progressive ideology?
Answer: Advocacy for social reform and civil rights. Progressives seek to use government to address social inequalities.
Flashcard 2: Which ideology emphasizes social equality and welfare programs?
Answer: Liberalism. Liberals support government programs to reduce inequality and help disadvantaged.
Flashcard 3: What is a core belief of conservative ideology?
Answer: Preference for limited government intervention in the economy. Conservatives believe free markets work better than government regulation.
Flashcard 4: Identify an effect of laissez-faire economic policies.
Answer: Minimal government interference in business activities. Free market approach with minimal government regulation of economic activity.
Flashcard 5: What is a characteristic of a mixed economy?
Answer: Combines elements of capitalism and socialism. Balances free market efficiency with government regulation and social programs.
Flashcard 6: Which ideology tends to support affirmative action policies?
Answer: Liberalism. Liberal support for policies addressing historical discrimination and inequality.
Flashcard 7: What is a goal of feminist ideology?
Answer: Achieving gender equality in all spheres of life. Feminist movement seeks to eliminate gender-based discrimination and barriers.
Flashcard 8: Define 'meritocracy'.
Answer: A system where advancement is based on individual ability or achievement. System rewarding talent and effort rather than inherited advantages.
Flashcard 9: Which ideology is most likely to support privatization of public services?
Answer: Conservatism. Conservative belief that private sector provides services more efficiently.
Flashcard 10: What is an example of a social policy aimed at reducing inequality?
Answer: Progressive taxation. Higher earners pay higher tax rates to redistribute wealth downward.
Flashcard 11: What is the focus of distributive justice in social policy?
Answer: Fair allocation of resources and opportunities. Core principle behind many liberal social programs and policies.
Flashcard 12: Which ideology views government as a tool for social change?
Answer: Progressivism. Progressive belief that government can actively improve society and reduce inequality.
Flashcard 13: Identify an example of a libertarian policy.
Answer: Decriminalization of drug use. Reflects libertarian view that personal choices shouldn't be criminalized.
Flashcard 14: What is a defining feature of neoliberalism?
Answer: Promotion of free market capitalism and deregulation. Modern approach combining free markets with reduced government economic role.
Flashcard 15: Which ideology emphasizes strong defense policies?
Answer: Conservatism. Conservative priority on national security and military strength.
Flashcard 16: Identify a key component of democratic socialism.
Answer: Political democracy alongside social ownership of the economy. Combines socialist economics with democratic political institutions and freedoms.
Flashcard 17: What does 'Keynesian economics' advocate?
Answer: Government intervention to manage economic cycles. Government spending during recessions to stimulate economic recovery and growth.
Flashcard 18: What is an example of a conservative social policy?
Answer: Opposition to same-sex marriage. Reflects conservative emphasis on traditional family structures and religious values.
Flashcard 19: Define the term 'social safety net'.
Answer: Programs designed to provide economic support to individuals in need. Government programs that help people during unemployment, illness, or poverty.
Flashcard 20: Which ideology is likely to oppose government regulation of business?
Answer: Libertarianism. Libertarians view business regulation as harmful government interference in markets.
Flashcard 21: Identify a policy typically supported by progressives.
Answer: Universal healthcare. Progressive goal to ensure healthcare access regardless of ability to pay.
Flashcard 22: What does the term 'fiscal policy' refer to?
Answer: Government use of taxation and spending to influence the economy. Government's primary economic tools to manage growth, employment, and inflation.
Flashcard 23: Which ideology is associated with environmental conservation?
Answer: Progressivism. Progressive ideology strongly emphasizes environmental protection and sustainability.
Flashcard 24: What is the primary goal of conservative economic policy?
Answer: To reduce government spending and taxation. Conservatives believe smaller government promotes economic efficiency and freedom.
Flashcard 25: Identify a key difference between socialism and liberalism.
Answer: Socialism emphasizes collective ownership; liberalism supports regulated capitalism. Different views on how much economic control government should have.
Flashcard 26: Which ideology promotes traditional social values?
Answer: Conservatism. Conservatives emphasize preserving established cultural and moral norms.
Flashcard 27: What is a hallmark of liberal social policy?
Answer: Emphasis on equality and social justice. Liberal policies aim to create more equal opportunities and outcomes.
Flashcard 28: Define communism.
Answer: An ideology advocating for a classless society and communal ownership of resources. Extreme form of socialism calling for complete elimination of private property.
Flashcard 29: Which ideology tends to prioritize individual freedoms over government intervention?
Answer: Libertarianism. Core libertarian principle that government should protect liberty, not limit it.
Flashcard 30: Identify an ideology that supports free market policies.
Answer: Libertarianism. Libertarians believe markets allocate resources more efficiently than government.